-
1 quo
[st1]1 [-] abl. m. n. sing. de qui et quis: - respondit se nescire quo loci esset, Cic. Att. 8: il répondit qu'il ne savait pas **en quoi en fait d'endroit** = en quel endroit il était né. - quo factum est ut...? **à la suite de quoi...** = comment s'est-il fait que... ? - quo factum est ut...: **par là il arriva que...** = ce fut à la suite de cela que... - quo factum est ut plus quam conlegae Miltiades valeret, Nep.: c'est grâce à cela que Miltiade l'emporta sur ses collègues. - quo factum est ut filiae ejus publice alerentur, Nep.: c'est à la suite de cela que ses filles étaient nourries au frais de l'Etat. - milites quo in loco res esset cognoverunt: les soldats comprirent quelle était la situation. - eodem die, quo profectus erat, revertitur, Caes. BC. 1, 18: il revient le jour même où il était parti. - relatif de liaison - Quo mortuo me ad pontificem Scaevolam contuli, Cic. Lael. 1: à sa mort (à la mort de ce vieillard), je m'attachai à Scévola le pontife. - statuisti, quo quemque proficisci placeret, Cic. Cat. 1, 9: tu as fixé l'endroit où il te plaisait que chacun se rendît. - quo correspond parfois à l'accusatif quem, quos... accompagné d'une prép. marquant le mouvement. - apud eos, quo (= apud quos) se contulit, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 18, § 38: chez ceux auprès desquels il se rendit. - loca ubi neque noti esse iis quo (= ad quos) venerunt, neque... possunt, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 65, 167: lieux où ils ne peuvent ni être connus de ceux auprès desquels ils sont venus, ni... - taurus, quo (= in quem) vivos demittere homines solebat, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 33, 73: le taureau (oeuvre d'art) dans lequel il avait coutume d'envoyer des hommes vivants. - quo + compar. avec le verbe esse (exprimé ou sous-entendu): en comparaison duquel. - Cato, quo erat nemo senior temporibus illis, Cic. Lael. 4: **Caton, en comparaison duquel personne n'était plus âgé à cette époque** = Caton, le plus âgé de son temps. - rex ille, quo non alter major (erat): **ce roi, en comparaison duquel aucun autre n'était plus grand** = ce roi, le plus grand de tous. - voir la grammaire. [st1]2 [-] adv. inter.: où, dans quel milieu, vers quel but, en vue de quoi, à quelle fin, à quoi bon, à quel degré de?... - quo ruitis? = où vous précipitez-vous? - quo illae nubent? Plaut.: dans quel milieu se marieront-elles? - quo mihi fortunam, si non conceditur uti? = à quoi bon la fortune, s'il ne m'est pas permis d'en profiter? - scire quo amentiae progressi sitis, Liv. 28, 27, 12:... savoir à quel degré de folie vous êtes arrivés. [st1]3 [-] adv. indéfini: vers quelque endroit, en vue de quelque chose (après si, nisi, ne, num) - si quo opera mea opus sit: au cas où l'on aurait besoin de mes services en vue de quelque chose. - si quo erat longius prodeundum, Caes. B. G. 2, 48: s'il fallait aller plus loin quelque part. [st1]4 [-] adv. - conj. de sub. - eo + compar.... quo + compar.: d'autant... que... - quo + compar.... eo (hoc) + compar....: plus... plus... - quo quis doctior, eo modestior est: plus on est savant, plus on est modeste. - quo difficilius, hoc praeclarius, Cic.: plus la chose est difficile, plus elle est glorieuse. - quo + subj. (souvent avec un compar.) = ut eo: afin que là, afin que par là. - hortulos emit quo amicos invitare posset: il acheta un parc **afin que là... ** = pour pouvoir y inviter ses amis. - tace quo melius discas: **tais-toi afin que par là** = tais-toi afin de mieux apprendre. - quo facilius gladiis uti possent, Caes. BG. 2, 25: pour pouvoir utiliser plus facilement les épées. - quo minus = quominus. - taceo, non quo approbem, sed quia cogor: je me tais, non que j'approuve, mais parce que j'y suis contraint. - ex quo (tempore): depuis que, à partir du moment où.* * *[st1]1 [-] abl. m. n. sing. de qui et quis: - respondit se nescire quo loci esset, Cic. Att. 8: il répondit qu'il ne savait pas **en quoi en fait d'endroit** = en quel endroit il était né. - quo factum est ut...? **à la suite de quoi...** = comment s'est-il fait que... ? - quo factum est ut...: **par là il arriva que...** = ce fut à la suite de cela que... - quo factum est ut plus quam conlegae Miltiades valeret, Nep.: c'est grâce à cela que Miltiade l'emporta sur ses collègues. - quo factum est ut filiae ejus publice alerentur, Nep.: c'est à la suite de cela que ses filles étaient nourries au frais de l'Etat. - milites quo in loco res esset cognoverunt: les soldats comprirent quelle était la situation. - eodem die, quo profectus erat, revertitur, Caes. BC. 1, 18: il revient le jour même où il était parti. - relatif de liaison - Quo mortuo me ad pontificem Scaevolam contuli, Cic. Lael. 1: à sa mort (à la mort de ce vieillard), je m'attachai à Scévola le pontife. - statuisti, quo quemque proficisci placeret, Cic. Cat. 1, 9: tu as fixé l'endroit où il te plaisait que chacun se rendît. - quo correspond parfois à l'accusatif quem, quos... accompagné d'une prép. marquant le mouvement. - apud eos, quo (= apud quos) se contulit, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 18, § 38: chez ceux auprès desquels il se rendit. - loca ubi neque noti esse iis quo (= ad quos) venerunt, neque... possunt, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 65, 167: lieux où ils ne peuvent ni être connus de ceux auprès desquels ils sont venus, ni... - taurus, quo (= in quem) vivos demittere homines solebat, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 33, 73: le taureau (oeuvre d'art) dans lequel il avait coutume d'envoyer des hommes vivants. - quo + compar. avec le verbe esse (exprimé ou sous-entendu): en comparaison duquel. - Cato, quo erat nemo senior temporibus illis, Cic. Lael. 4: **Caton, en comparaison duquel personne n'était plus âgé à cette époque** = Caton, le plus âgé de son temps. - rex ille, quo non alter major (erat): **ce roi, en comparaison duquel aucun autre n'était plus grand** = ce roi, le plus grand de tous. - voir la grammaire. [st1]2 [-] adv. inter.: où, dans quel milieu, vers quel but, en vue de quoi, à quelle fin, à quoi bon, à quel degré de?... - quo ruitis? = où vous précipitez-vous? - quo illae nubent? Plaut.: dans quel milieu se marieront-elles? - quo mihi fortunam, si non conceditur uti? = à quoi bon la fortune, s'il ne m'est pas permis d'en profiter? - scire quo amentiae progressi sitis, Liv. 28, 27, 12:... savoir à quel degré de folie vous êtes arrivés. [st1]3 [-] adv. indéfini: vers quelque endroit, en vue de quelque chose (après si, nisi, ne, num) - si quo opera mea opus sit: au cas où l'on aurait besoin de mes services en vue de quelque chose. - si quo erat longius prodeundum, Caes. B. G. 2, 48: s'il fallait aller plus loin quelque part. [st1]4 [-] adv. - conj. de sub. - eo + compar.... quo + compar.: d'autant... que... - quo + compar.... eo (hoc) + compar....: plus... plus... - quo quis doctior, eo modestior est: plus on est savant, plus on est modeste. - quo difficilius, hoc praeclarius, Cic.: plus la chose est difficile, plus elle est glorieuse. - quo + subj. (souvent avec un compar.) = ut eo: afin que là, afin que par là. - hortulos emit quo amicos invitare posset: il acheta un parc **afin que là... ** = pour pouvoir y inviter ses amis. - tace quo melius discas: **tais-toi afin que par là** = tais-toi afin de mieux apprendre. - quo facilius gladiis uti possent, Caes. BG. 2, 25: pour pouvoir utiliser plus facilement les épées. - quo minus = quominus. - taceo, non quo approbem, sed quia cogor: je me tais, non que j'approuve, mais parce que j'y suis contraint. - ex quo (tempore): depuis que, à partir du moment où.* * *Quo, Aduerbium interrogandi ad locum. Plaut. Quo ambulas tu? Où vas tu?\Quo hinc te agis? Terent. Où t'en vas tu d'ici?\Quo non? Terent. Perreptaui vsque omne oppidum, ad portam, ad lacum: Quo non? Mais où n'ay je point esté?\Quo, Coniunctio. Terent. - quo aequior sum Pamphilo, Si se illam in somnis, quam illum amplecti maluit. Et c'est la cause qui me fait tenir moins de rigueur à, etc.\Non pol quo quenquam plus amem, aut plus diligam, Eo feci. Terent. Non point que j'aime, etc.\Te amo: quo magis quae agis, curae sunt mihi. Terent. Je t'aime: et de tant plus je me soulcie de ce que tu fais.\Quo magis cauendum est nequid in eo genere peccetur. Cic. Et d'autant plus se fault il donner garde que, etc.\Quo minus mirum est, si audientium intentio languescat. Plin. iunior. Et pourtant se fault il moins esbahir, Dont n'est pas tant de merveilles.\Quo minus ingenio possum, subsidio mihi diligentiam comparaui. Cic. D'autant que mon esprit est foible.\Quo minus animus a se ipse dissidens, etc. Ci. Et encore moins, etc.\Neque id feci, quo tibi molestus essem. Plin. iunior. A fin que je te fusse moleste.\Sed eo vidisti multum, quod praefinisti, quo ne pluris emerem. Cic. Que je ne l'achetasse d'avantage.\Mihi addit animum, quo libeat magis. Terent. Il m'accroist le courage de vouloir encore plus.\Non eo dico, C. Aquili, quo mihi veniat in dubium tua fides et constantia. Cic. Je ne le di pas pourtant que je doubte de ta loyaulté, ou comme doubtant, etc.\Quo plura sunt, eo te meliori mente nostra verba audire oportebit. Cic. D'autant plus qu'il y en a, etc.\Quo quisque te maxime cognatione attingebat, ita maxime manus tua putabatur. Cic. D'autant plus que, etc.\Quo mihi fortuna, si non conceditur vti? Horat. Dequoy me sert d'avoir force biens, si je n'en puis user? -
2 corruo
corrŭo, ĕre, corrŭi - conr- N.-Tir. 75, 75. - intr. - [st1]1 [-] s'écrouler, crouler. - aedes corruerunt, Cic. Top. 15: une maison s'est écroulée. --- Att. 14, 9, 1; Div. 1, 26 ; 1, 78. - arbor corruit, Ov. M. 8, 777: l'arbre tombe. - paene ille timore, ego risu corrui, Cic. Q. 2, 8, 2: nous avons failli nous écrouler, lui de peur, moi de rire. --- Liv. 1, 25, 5 ; 8, 9, 12 ; 22, 3, 11, etc. - corruere in vulnus, Virg. En. 10, 488: tomber sur sa blessure (en avant). - quo cum conruit (ales), Lucr. 6, 824: quand l'oiseau s'est abattu là. - Lacedaemoniorum opes corruerunt, Cic. Off. 1, 84: la puissance de Lacédémone s'écroula. - si uno meo fato et tu et omnes mei corruistis, Cic. Q. 1, 4, 1: si mon seul destin a causé votre ruine et à toi et à tous les miens. - triclinium supra convivas corruit, Quint. 11, 2, 13: la salle s'est effondrée sur les convives. - in quo me (= in me quo) corruerit genere, Catul. 68, 52: de quelle manière elle s'est acharnée sur moi. [st1]2 [-] échouer, faire un four. - Cic. CM 64 II échouer en justice. --- Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 34. - eum corruere non sivit, Cic.: il l'empêcha de faire faillite. - tr. - [st1]3 [-] ramasser, entasser. - corruere ditias, Plaut. Rud. 542: amasser des richesses. --- cf. Varr. L. 5, 139 ; Lucr. 5, 368. [st1]4 [-] abattre, faire tomber. - Catul. 68, 52 ; Apul. M. 8, 8.* * *corrŭo, ĕre, corrŭi - conr- N.-Tir. 75, 75. - intr. - [st1]1 [-] s'écrouler, crouler. - aedes corruerunt, Cic. Top. 15: une maison s'est écroulée. --- Att. 14, 9, 1; Div. 1, 26 ; 1, 78. - arbor corruit, Ov. M. 8, 777: l'arbre tombe. - paene ille timore, ego risu corrui, Cic. Q. 2, 8, 2: nous avons failli nous écrouler, lui de peur, moi de rire. --- Liv. 1, 25, 5 ; 8, 9, 12 ; 22, 3, 11, etc. - corruere in vulnus, Virg. En. 10, 488: tomber sur sa blessure (en avant). - quo cum conruit (ales), Lucr. 6, 824: quand l'oiseau s'est abattu là. - Lacedaemoniorum opes corruerunt, Cic. Off. 1, 84: la puissance de Lacédémone s'écroula. - si uno meo fato et tu et omnes mei corruistis, Cic. Q. 1, 4, 1: si mon seul destin a causé votre ruine et à toi et à tous les miens. - triclinium supra convivas corruit, Quint. 11, 2, 13: la salle s'est effondrée sur les convives. - in quo me (= in me quo) corruerit genere, Catul. 68, 52: de quelle manière elle s'est acharnée sur moi. [st1]2 [-] échouer, faire un four. - Cic. CM 64 II échouer en justice. --- Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 34. - eum corruere non sivit, Cic.: il l'empêcha de faire faillite. - tr. - [st1]3 [-] ramasser, entasser. - corruere ditias, Plaut. Rud. 542: amasser des richesses. --- cf. Varr. L. 5, 139 ; Lucr. 5, 368. [st1]4 [-] abattre, faire tomber. - Catul. 68, 52 ; Apul. M. 8, 8.* * *Corruo, penult. corr. corrui, corrutum, pen. cor. corruere. Liu. Cheoir.\Corruere. Cic. Faillir, Errer.\Corruisse opes dicuntur, quae corruptae sunt. Cic. Qui sont descheues. -
3 ab
ăb, ā, abs, prep. with abl. This IndoEuropean particle (Sanscr. apa or ava, Etr. av, Gr. upo, Goth. af, Old Germ. aba, New Germ. ab, Engl. of, off) has in Latin the following forms: ap, af, ab (av), au-, a, a; aps, abs, as-. The existence of the oldest form, ap, is proved by the oldest and best MSS. analogous to the prep. apud, the Sanscr. api, and Gr. epi, and by the weakened form af, which, by the rule of historical grammar and the nature of the Latin letter f, can be derived only from ap, not from ab. The form af, weakened from ap, also very soon became obsolete. There are but five examples of it in inscriptions, at the end of the sixth and in the course of the seventh century B. C., viz.:I.AF VOBEIS,
Inscr. Orell. 3114;AF MVRO,
ib. 6601;AF CAPVA,
ib. 3308;AF SOLO,
ib. 589;AF LYCO,
ib. 3036 ( afuolunt =avolant, Paul. ex Fest. p. 26 Mull., is only a conjecture). In the time of Cicero this form was regarded as archaic, and only here and there used in account-books; v. Cic. Or. 47, 158 (where the correct reading is af, not abs or ab), and cf. Ritschl, Monum. Epigr. p. 7 sq.—The second form of this preposition, changed from ap, was ab, which has become the principal form and the one most generally used through all periods—and indeed the only oue used before all vowels and h; here and there also before some consonants, particularly l, n, r, and s; rarely before c, j, d, t; and almost never before the labials p, b, f, v, or before m, such examples as ab Massiliensibus, Caes. B. C. 1, 35, being of the most rare occurrence.—By changing the b of ab through v into u, the form au originated, which was in use only in the two compounds aufero and aufugio for abfero, ab-fugio; aufuisse for afuisse, in Cod. Medic. of Tac. A. 12, 17, is altogether unusual. Finally, by dropping the b of ab, and lengthening the a, ab was changed into a, which form, together with ab, predominated through all periods of the Latin language, and took its place before all consonants in the later years of Cicero, and after him almoet exclusively.—By dropping the b without lengthening the a, ab occurs in the form a- in the two compounds a-bio and a-perio, q. v.—On the other hand, instead of reducing ap to a and a, a strengthened collateral form, aps, was made by adding to ap the letter s (also used in particles, as in ex, mox, vix). From the first, aps was used only before the letters c, q, t, and was very soon changed into abs (as ap into ab):abs chorago,
Plaut. Pers. 1, 3, 79 (159 Ritschl):abs quivis,
Ter. Ad. 2, 3, 1:abs terra,
Cato, R. R. 51;and in compounds: aps-cessero,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 1, 24 (625 R.); id. ib. 3, 2, 84 (710 R): abs-condo, abs-que, abs-tineo, etc. The use of abs was confined almost exclusively to the combination abs te during the whole ante-classic period, and with Cicero till about the year 700 A. U. C. (=B. C. 54). After that time Cicero evidently hesitates between abs te and a te, but during the last five or six years of his life a te became predominant in all his writings, even in his letters; consequently abs te appears but rarely in later authors, as in Liv. 10, 19, 8; 26, 15, 12;and who, perhaps, also used abs conscendentibus,
id. 28, 37, 2; v. Drakenb. ad. h. l. (Weissenb. ab).—Finally abs, in consequence of the following p, lost its b, and became ds- in the three compounds aspello, as-porto, and as-pernor (for asspernor); v. these words.—The late Lat. verb abbrevio may stand for adbrevio, the d of ad being assimilated to the following b.The fundamental signification of ab is departure from some fixed point (opp. to ad. which denotes motion to a point).In space, and,II.Fig., in time and other relations, in which the idea of departure from some point, as from source and origin, is included; Engl. from, away from, out of; down from; since, after; by, at, in, on, etc.I.Lit., in space: ab classe ad urbem tendunt, Att. ap. Non. 495, 22 (Trag. Rel. p. 177 Rib.):b.Caesar maturat ab urbe proficisci,
Caes. B. G. 1, 7:fuga ab urbe turpissima,
Cic. Att. 7, 21:ducite ab urbe domum, ducite Daphnim,
Verg. E. 8, 68. Cicero himself gives the difference between ab and ex thus: si qui mihi praesto fuerit cum armatis hominibus extra meum fundum et me introire prohibuerit, non ex eo, sed ab ( from, away from) eo loco me dejecerit....Unde dejecti Galli? A Capitolio. Unde, qui cum Graccho fucrunt? Ex Capitolio, etc., Cic. Caecin. 30, 87; cf. Diom. p. 408 P., and a similar distinction between ad and in under ad.—Ellipt.: Diogenes Alexandro roganti, ut diceret, si quid opus esset: Nunc quidem paululum, inquit, a sole, a little out of the sun, Cic. Tusc. 5, 32, 92. —Often joined with usque:illam (mulierem) usque a mari supero Romam proficisci,
all the way from, Cic. Clu. 68, 192; v. usque, I.—And with ad, to denote the space passed over: siderum genus ab ortu ad occasum commeant, from... to, Cic. N. D. 2, 19 init.; cf. ab... in:venti a laevo latere in dextrum, ut sol, ambiunt,
Plin. 2, 47, 48, § 128.Sometimes with names of cities and small islands, or with domus (instead of the usual abl.), partie., in militnry and nautieal language, to denote the marching of soldiers, the setting out of a flcet, or the departure of the inhabitants from some place:c.oppidum ab Aenea fugiente a Troja conditum,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 33:quemadmodum (Caesar) a Gergovia discederet,
Caes. B. G. 7, 43 fin.; so id. ib. 7, 80 fin.; Sall. J. 61; 82; 91; Liv. 2, 33, 6 al.; cf.:ab Arimino M. Antonium cum cohortibus quinque Arretium mittit,
Caes. B. C. 1, 11 fin.; and:protinus a Corfinio in Siciliam miserat,
id. ib. 1, 25, 2:profecti a domo,
Liv. 40, 33, 2;of setting sail: cum exercitus vestri numquam a Brundisio nisi hieme summa transmiserint,
Cic. Imp. Pomp. 12, 32; so id. Fam. 15, 3, 2; Caes. B. C. 3, 23; 3, 24 fin.:classe qua advecti ab domo fuerant,
Liv. 8, 22, 6;of citizens: interim ab Roma legatos venisse nuntiatum est,
Liv. 21, 9, 3; cf.:legati ab Orico ad M. Valerium praetorem venerunt,
id. 24, 40, 2.Sometimes with names of persons or with pronouns: pestem abige a me, Enn. ap. Cic. Ac. 2, 28, 89 (Trag. v. 50 Vahl.):B.Quasi ad adulescentem a patre ex Seleucia veniat,
Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 41; cf.:libertus a Fuflis cum litteris ad Hermippum venit,
Cic. Fl. 20, 47:Nigidium a Domitio Capuam venisse,
id. Att. 7, 24:cum a vobis discessero,
id. Sen. 22:multa merces tibi defluat ab Jove Neptunoque,
Hor. C. 1, 28, 29 al. So often of a person instead of his house, lodging, etc.: videat forte hic te a patre aliquis exiens, from the father, i. e. from his house, Ter. Heaut. 2, 2, 6:so a fratre,
id. Phorm. 5, 1, 5:a Pontio,
Cic. Att. 5, 3 fin.:ab ea,
Ter. And. 1, 3, 21; and so often: a me, a nobis, a se, etc., from my, our, his house, etc., Plaut. Stich. 5, 1, 7; Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 50; Cic. Att. 4, 9, 1 al.Transf., without the idea of motion. To designate separation or distance, with the verbs abesse, distare, etc., and with the particles longe, procul, prope, etc.1.Of separation:2.ego te afuisse tam diu a nobis dolui,
Cic. Fam. 2, 1, 2:abesse a domo paulisper maluit,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 18, § 39:tum Brutus ab Roma aberat,
Sall. C. 40, 5:absint lacerti ab stabulis,
Verg. G. 4, 14.—Of distance:3.quot milia fundus suus abesset ab urbe,
Cic. Caecin. 10, 28; cf.:nos in castra properabamus, quae aberant bidui,
id. Att. 5, 16 fin.; and:hic locus aequo fere spatio ab castris Ariovisti et Caesaris aberat,
Caes. B. G. 1, 43, 1:terrae ab hujusce terrae, quam nos incolimus, continuatione distantes,
Cic. N. D. 2, 66, 164:non amplius pedum milibus duobus ab castris castra distabant,
Caes. B. C. 1, 82, 3; cf. id. lb. 1, 3, 103.—With adverbs: annos multos longinque ab domo bellum gerentes, Enn. ap. Non. 402, 3 (Trag. v. 103 Vahl.):cum domus patris a foro longe abesset,
Cic. Cael. 7, 18 fin.; cf.:qui fontes a quibusdam praesidiis aberant longius,
Caes. B. C. 3, 49, 5:quae procul erant a conspectu imperii,
Cic. Agr. 2, 32, 87; cf.:procul a castris hostes in collibus constiterunt,
Caes. B. G. 5, 17, 1; and:tu procul a patria Alpinas nives vides,
Verg. E. 10, 46 (procul often also with simple abl.;v. procul): cum esset in Italia bellum tam prope a Sicilia, tamen in Sicilia non fuit,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 2, § 6; cf.:tu apud socrum tuam prope a meis aedibus sedebas,
id. Pis. 11, 26; and:tam prope ab domo detineri,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 3, § 6.—So in Caesar and Livy, with numerals to designate the measure of the distance:onerariae naves, quae ex eo loco ab milibus passuum octo vento tenebatur,
eight miles distant, Caes. B. G. 4, 22, 4; and without mentioning the terminus a quo: ad castra contenderunt, et ab milibus passunm minus duobus castra posuerunt, less than two miles off or distant, id. ib. 2, 7, 3; so id. ib. 2, 5, 32; 6, 7, 3; id. B. C. 1, 65; Liv. 38, 20, 2 (for which:duo milia fere et quingentos passus ab hoste posuerunt castra,
id. 37, 38, 5). —To denote the side or direction from which an object is viewed in its local relations,=a parte, at, on, in: utrum hacin feriam an ab laeva latus? Enn. ap. Plaut. Cist. 3, 10 (Trag. v. 38 Vahl.); cf.:II.picus et cornix ab laeva, corvos, parra ab dextera consuadent,
Plaut. As. 2, 1, 12: clamore ab ea parte audito. on this side, Caes. B. G. 3, 26, 4: Gallia Celtica attingit ab Sequanis et Helvetiis flumen Rhenum, on the side of the Sequani, i. e. their country, id. ib. 1, 1, 5:pleraque Alpium ab Italia sicut breviora ita arrectiora sunt,
on the Italian side, Liv. 21, 35, 11:non eadem diligentia ab decumuna porta castra munita,
at the main entrance, Caes. B. G. 3, 25 fin.:erat a septentrionibus collis,
on the north, id. ib. 7, 83, 2; so, ab oriente, a meridie, ab occasu; a fronte, a latere, a tergo, etc. (v. these words).Fig.A.In time.1.From a [p. 3] point of time, without reference to the period subsequently elapsed. After:2.Exul ab octava Marius bibit,
Juv. 1,40:mulieres jam ab re divin[adot ] adparebunt domi,
immediately after the sucrifice, Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 4:Caesar ab decimae legionis cohortatione ad dextrum cornu profectus,
Caes. B. G. 2, 25, 1:ab hac contione legati missi sunt,
immediately after, Liv. 24, 22, 6; cf. id. 28, 33, 1; 40, 47, 8; 40, 49, 1 al.:ab eo magistratu,
after this office, Sall. J. 63, 5:a summa spe novissima exspectabat,
after the greatest hope, Tac. A. 6, 50 fin. —Strengthened by the adverbs primum, confestim, statim, protinus, or the adj. recens, immediately after, soon after:ut primum a tuo digressu Romam veni,
Cic. Att. 1, 5, 4; so Suet. Tib. 68:confestim a proelio expugnatis hostium castris,
Liv. 30, 36, 1:statim a funere,
Suet. Caes. 85;and followed by statim: ab itinere statim,
id. ib. 60:protinus ab adoptione,
Vell. 2, 104, 3:Homerus qui recens ab illorum actate fuit,
soon after their time, Cic. N. D. 3, 5; so Varr. R. R. 2, 8, 2; Verg. A. 6, 450 al. (v. also primum, confestim, etc.).—Sometimes with the name of a person or place, instead of an action: ibi mihi tuae litterae binae redditae sunt tertio abs te die,
i. e. after their departure from you, Cic. Att. 5, 3, 1: in Italiam perventum est quinto mense a Carthagine Nov[adot ], i. e. after leaving (=postquam a Carthagine profecti sunt), Liv. 21, 38, 1:secundo Punico (bello) Scipionis classis XL. die a securi navigavit,
i. e. after its having been built, Plin. 16, 39, 74, § 192. —Hence the poct. expression: ab his, after this (cf. ek toutôn), i. e. after these words, hereupon, Ov. M. 3, 273; 4, 329; 8, 612; 9, 764.With reference to a subsequent period. From, since, after:b.ab hora tertia bibebatur,
from the third hour, Cic. Phil. 2, 41:infinito ex tempore, non ut antea, ab Sulla et Pompeio consulibus,
since the consulship of, id. Agr. 2, 21, 56:vixit ab omni aeternitate,
from all eternity, id. Div. 1, 51, 115:cum quo a condiscipulatu vivebat conjunctissime,
Nep. Att. 5, 3:in Lycia semper a terrae motu XL. dies serenos esse,
after an earthquake, Plin. 2, 96, 98, § 211 al.:centesima lux est haec ab interitu P. Clodii,
since the death of, Cic. Mil. 35, 98; cf.:cujus a morte quintus hic et tricesimus annus est,
id. Sen. 6, 19; and:ab incenso Capitolio illum esse vigesumiun annum,
since, Sall. C. 47, 2:diebus triginta, a qua die materia caesa est,
Caes. B. C. 1, 36.—Sometimes joined with usque and inde:quod augures omnes usque ab Romulo decreverunt,
since the time of, Cic. Vat. 8, 20:jam inde ab infelici pugna ceciderant animi,
from the very beginning of, Liv. 2, 65 fin. —Hence the adverbial expressions ab initio, a principio, a primo, at, in, or from the beginning, at first; v. initium, principium, primus. Likewise ab integro, anew, afresh; v. integer.—Ab... ad, from (a time)... to:ab hora octava ad vesperum secreto collocuti sumus,
Cic. Att. 7, 8, 4; cf.:cum ab hora septima ad vesperum pugnatum sit,
Caes. B. G. 1, 26, 2; and:a quo tempore ad vos consules anni sunt septingenti octoginta unus,
Vell. 1, 8, 4; and so in Plautus strengthened by usque:pugnata pugnast usque a mane ad vesperum,
from morning to evening, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 97; id. Most. 3, 1, 3; 3, 2, 80.—Rarely ab... in: Romani ab sole orto in multum diei stetere in acie, from... till late in the day, Liv. 27, 2, 9; so Col. 2, 10, 17; Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99; 2, 103, 106, § 229; 4, 12, 26, § 89.Particularly with nouns denoting a time of life:B.qui homo cum animo inde ab ineunte aetate depugnat suo,
from an early age, from early youth, Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 24; so Cic. Off. 2, 13, 44 al.:mihi magna cum co jam inde a pueritia fuit semper famillaritas,
Ter. Heaut. 1, 2, 9; so,a pueritia,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 11, 27 fin.; id. Fam. 5, 8, 4:jam inde ab adulescentia,
Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 16:ab adulescentia,
Cic. Rep. 2, 1:jam a prima adulescentia,
id. Fam. 1, 9, 23:ab ineunte adulescentia,
id. ib. 13, 21, 1; cf.followed by ad: usque ad hanc aetatem ab incunte adulescentia,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 20:a primis temporibus aetatis,
Cic. Fam. 4, 3, 3:a teneris unguiculis,
from childhood, id. ib. 1, 6, 2:usque a toga pura,
id. Att. 7, 8, 5:jam inde ab incunabulis,
Liv. 4, 36, 5:a prima lanugine,
Suet. Oth. 12:viridi ab aevo,
Ov. Tr. 4, 10, 17 al.;rarely of animals: ab infantia,
Plin. 10, 63, 83, § 182.—Instead of the nom. abstr. very often (like the Greek ek paioôn, etc.) with concrete substantives: a pucro, ab adulescente, a parvis, etc., from childhood, etc.:qui olim a puero parvulo mihi paedagogus fuerat,
Plaut. Merc. 1, 1, 90; so,a pausillo puero,
id. Stich. 1, 3, 21:a puero,
Cic. Ac. 2, 36, 115; id. Fam. 13, 16, 4 (twice) al.:a pueris,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 24, 57; id. de Or. 1, 1, 2 al.:ab adulescente,
id. Quint. 3, 12:ab infante,
Col. 1, 8, 2:a parva virgine,
Cat. 66, 26 al. —Likewise and in the same sense with adject.: a parvo, from a little child, or childhood, Liv. 1, 39, 6 fin.; cf.:a parvis,
Ter. And. 3, 3, 7; Cic. Leg. 2, 4, 9:a parvulo,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 8; id. Ad. 1, 1, 23; cf.:ab parvulis,
Caes. B. G. 6, 21, 3:ab tenero,
Col. 5, 6, 20;and rarely of animals: (vacca) a bima aut trima fructum ferre incipit,
Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 13.In other relations in which the idea of going forth, proceeding, from something is included.1.In gen. to denote departure, separation, deterring, avoiding, intermitting, etc., or distance, difference, etc., of inanimate or abstract things. From: jus atque aecum se a malis spernit procul, Enn. ap. Non. 399, 10 (Trag. v. 224 Vahl.):2.suspitionem et culpam ut ab se segregent,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 42:qui discessum animi a corpore putent esse mortem,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 9, 18:hic ab artificio suo non recessit,
id. ib. 1, 10, 20 al.:quod si exquiratur usque ab stirpe auctoritas,
Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 180:condicionem quam ab te peto,
id. ib. 2, 4, 87; cf.:mercedem gloriae flagitas ab iis, quorum, etc.,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 34:si quid ab illo acceperis,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 90:quae (i. e. antiquitas) quo propius aberat ab ortu et divina progenie,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 12, 26:ab defensione desistere,
Caes. B. C. 2, 12, 4:ne quod tempus ab opere intermitteretur,
id. B. G. 7, 24, 2:ut homines adulescentis a dicendi studio deterream,
Cic. de Or. 1, 25, 117, etc.—Of distance (in order, rank, mind, or feeling):qui quartus ab Arcesila fuit,
the fourth in succession from, Cic. Ac. 1, 12, 46:tu nunc eris alter ab illo,
next after him, Verg. E. 5, 49; cf.:Aiax, heros ab Achille secundus,
next in rank to, Hor. S. 2, 3, 193:quid hoc ab illo differt,
from, Cic. Caecin. 14, 39; cf.:hominum vita tantum distat a victu et cultu bestiarum,
id. Off. 2, 4, 15; and:discrepare ab aequitate sapientiam,
id. Rep. 3, 9 fin. (v. the verbs differo, disto, discrepo, dissideo, dissentio, etc.):quae non aliena esse ducerem a dignitate,
Cic. Fam. 4, 7:alieno a te animo fuit,
id. Deiot. 9, 24 (v. alienus). —So the expression ab re (qs. aside from the matter, profit; cf. the opposite, in rem), contrary to one's profit, to a loss, disadvantageous (so in the affirmative very rare and only ante-class.):subdole ab re consulit,
Plaut. Trin. 2, 1, 12; cf. id. Capt. 2, 2, 88; more frequently and class. (but not with Cicero) in the negative, non, haud, ab re, not without advantage or profit, not useless or unprofitable, adcantageous:haut est ab re aucupis,
Plaut. As. 1, 3, 71:non ab re esse Quinctii visum est,
Liv. 35, 32, 6; so Plin. 27, 8, 35; 31, 3, 26; Suet. Aug. 94; id. Dom. 11; Gell. 18, 14 fin.; App. Dogm. Plat. 3, p. 31, 22 al. (but in Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 44, ab re means with respect to the money matter).In partic.a.To denote an agent from whom an action proceeds, or by whom a thing is done or takes place. By, and in archaic and solemn style, of. So most frequently with pass. or intrans. verbs with pass. signif., when the active object is or is considered as a living being: Laudari me abs te, a laudato viro, Naev. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 31, 67: injuria abs te afficior, Enn. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 24, 38:b.a patre deductus ad Scaevolam,
Cic. Lael. 1, 1:ut tamquam a praesentibus coram haberi sermo videretur,
id. ib. 1, 3:disputata ab eo,
id. ib. 1, 4 al.:illa (i. e. numerorum ac vocum vis) maxime a Graecia vetere celebrata,
id. de Or. 3, 51, 197:ita generati a natura sumus,
id. Off. 1, 29, 103; cf.:pars mundi damnata a rerum natura,
Plin. 4, 12, 26, § 88:niagna adhibita cura est a providentia deorum,
Cic. N. D. 2, 51 al. —With intrans. verbs:quae (i. e. anima) calescit ab eo spiritu,
is warmed by this breath, Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 138; cf. Ov. M. 1, 417: (mare) qua a sole collucet, Cic. Ac. 2, 105:salvebis a meo Cicerone,
i. e. young Cicero sends his compliments to you, id. Att. 6, 2 fin.:a quibus (Atheniensibus) erat profectus,
i. e. by whose command, Nep. Milt. 2, 3:ne vir ab hoste cadat,
Ov. H. 9, 36 al. —A substantive or adjective often takes the place of the verb (so with de, q. v.):levior est plaga ab amico quam a debitore,
Cic. Fam. 9, 16, 7; cf.:a bestiis ictus, morsus, impetus,
id. Off. 2, 6, 19:si calor est a sole,
id. N. D. 2, 52:ex iis a te verbis (for a te scriptis),
id. Att. 16, 7, 5:metu poenae a Romanis,
Liv. 32, 23, 9:bellum ingens a Volscis et Aequis,
id. 3, 22, 2:ad exsolvendam fldem a consule,
id. 27, 5, 6.—With an adj.:lassus ab equo indomito,
Hor. S. 2, 2, 10:Murus ab ingenic notior ille tuo,
Prop. 5, 1, 126:tempus a nostris triste malis,
time made sad by our misfortunes, Ov. Tr. 4, 3, 36.—Different from per:vulgo occidebantur: per quos et a quibus?
by whom and upon whose orders? Cic. Rosc. Am. 29, 80 (cf. id. ib. 34, 97: cujus consilio occisus sit, invenio; cujus manu sit percussus, non laboro); so,ab hoc destitutus per Thrasybulum (i. e. Thrasybulo auctore),
Nep. Alc. 5, 4.—Ambiguity sometimes arises from the fact that the verb in the pass. would require ab if used in the active:si postulatur a populo,
if the people demand it, Cic. Off. 2, 17, 58, might also mean, if it is required of the people; on the contrary: quod ab eo (Lucullo) laus imperatoria non admodum exspectabatur, not since he did not expect military renown, but since they did not expect military renown from him, Cic. Ac. 2, 1, 2, and so often; cf. Rudd. II. p. 213. (The use of the active dative, or dative of the agent, instead of ab with the pass., is well known, Zumpt, § 419. It is very seldom found in prose writers of the golden age of Roman liter.; with Cic. sometimes joined with the participles auditus, cognitus, constitutus, perspectus, provisus, susceptus; cf. Halm ad Cic. Imp. Pomp. 24, 71, and ad ejusdem, Cat. 1, 7 fin.; but freq. at a later period; e. g. in Pliny, in Books 2-4 of H. N., more than twenty times; and likewise in Tacitus seventeen times. Vid. the passages in Nipperd. ad Tac. A. 2, 49.) Far more unusual is the simple abl. in the designation of persons:deseror conjuge,
Ov. H. 12, 161; so id. ib. 5, 75; id. M. 1, 747; Verg. A. 1, 274; Hor. C. 2, 4, 9; 1, 6, 2;and in prose,
Quint. 3, 4, 2; Sen. Contr. 2, 1; Curt. 6, 7, 8; cf. Rudd. II. p. 212; Zumpt ad Quint. V. p. 122 Spalding.—Hence the adverbial phrase a se=uph heautou, sua sponte, of one's own uccord, spontaneously:ipsum a se oritur et sua sponte nascitur,
Cic. Fin. 2, 24, 78:(urna) ab se cantat quoja sit,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 5, 21 (al. eapse; cf. id. Men. 1, 2, 66); so Col. 11, 1, 5; Liv. 44, 33, 6.With names of towns to denote origin, extraction, instead of gentile adjectives. From, of:c.pastores a Pergamide,
Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 1:Turnus ab Aricia,
Liv. 1, 50, 3 (for which Aricinus, id. 1, 51, 1):obsides dant trecentos principum a Cora atque Pometia liberos,
Liv. 2, 22, 2; and poet.: O longa mundi servator ab Alba, Auguste, thou who art descended from the old Alban race of kings (=oriundus, or ortus regibus Albanis), Prop. 5, 6, 37.In giving the etymology of a name: eam rem (sc. legem, Gr. nomon) illi Graeco putant nomine a suum cuique tribuendo appellatam, ego nostro a legendo, Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 19: annum intervallum regni fuit: id ab re... interregnum appellatum, Liv. 1, 17, 6:d.(sinus maris) ab nomine propinquae urbis Ambracius appellatus,
id. 38, 4, 3; and so Varro in his Ling. Lat., and Pliny, in Books 1-5 of H. N., on almost every page. (Cf. also the arts. ex and de.)With verbs of beginning and repeating: a summo bibere, in Plaut. to drink in succession from the one at the head of the table:e.da, puere, ab summo,
Plaut. As. 5, 2, 41; so,da ab Delphio cantharum circum, id Most. 1, 4, 33: ab eo nobis causa ordienda est potissimum,
Cic. Leg. 1, 7, 21:coepere a fame mala,
Liv. 4, 12, 7:cornicem a cauda de ovo exire,
tail-foremost, Plin. 10, 16, 18:a capite repetis, quod quaerimus,
Cic. Leg. 1, 6, 18 al.With verbs of freeing from, defending, or protecting against any thing:f.a foliis et stercore purgato,
Cato, R. R. 65 (66), 1:tantumne ab re tuast oti tibi?
Ter. Heaut. 1, [p. 4] 1, 23; cf.:Saguntini ut a proeliis quietem habuerant,
Liv. 21, 11, 5:expiandum forum ab illis nefarii sceleris vestigiis,
Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 11:haec provincia non modo a calamitate, sed etiam a metu calamitatis est defendenda,
id. Imp. Pomp. 6, 14 (v. defendo):ab incendio urbem vigiliis munitam intellegebat,
Sall. C. 32:ut neque sustinere se a lapsu possent,
Liv. 21, 35, 12:ut meam domum metueret atque a me ipso caveret,
Cic. Sest. 64, 133.With verbs of expecting, fearing, hoping, and the like, ab =a parte, as, Cic. Att. 9, 7, 4: cum eadem metuam ab hac parte, since I fear the same from this side; hence, timere, metuere ab aliquo, not, to be afraid of any one, but, to fear something (proceeding from) from him:g.el metul a Chryside,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 79; cf.:ab Hannibale metuens,
Liv. 23, 36; and:metus a praetore,
id. 23, 15, 7;v. Weissenb. ad h. l.: a quo quidem genere, judices, ego numquam timui,
Cic. Sull. 20, 59:postquam nec ab Romanis robis ulla est spes,
you can expect nothing from the Romans, Liv. 21, 13, 4.With verbs of fastening and holding:h.funiculus a puppi religatus,
Cic. Inv. 2, 51, 154:cum sinistra capillum ejus a vertice teneret,
Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 3.Ulcisci se ab aliquo, to take vengeance on one:i.a ferro sanguis humanus se ulciscitur,
Plin. 34, 14, 41 fin.Cognoscere ab aliqua re to knoio or learn by means of something (different from ab aliquo, to learn from some one):j.id se a Gallicis armis atque insignibus cognovisse,
Caes. B. G. 1, 22.Dolere, laborare, valere ab, instead of the simple abl.:k.doleo ab animo, doleo ab oculis, doleo ab aegritudine,
Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 62:a morbo valui, ab animo aeger fui,
id. Ep. 1, 2, 26; cf. id. Aul. 2, 2, 9:a frigore et aestu ne quid laborent,
Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 17; so,a frigore laborantibus,
Plin. 32, 10, 46, § 133; cf.:laborare ab re frumentaria,
Caes. B. G. 7, 10, 1; id. B. C. 3, 9; v. laboro.Where verbs and adjectives are joined with ab, instead of the simple abl., ab defines more exactly the respect in which that which is expressed by the verb or adj. is to be understood, in relation to, with regard to, in respect to, on the part of:l.ab ingenio improbus,
Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 59:a me pudica'st,
id. Curc. 1, 1, 51:orba ab optimatibus contio,
Cic. Fl. 23, 54; ro Ov. H. 6,156: securos vos ab hac parte reddemus, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 24 fin. (v. securus):locus copiosus a frumento,
Cic. Att. 5, 18, 2; cf.:sumus imparati cum a militibas tum a pecunia,
id. ib. 7, 15 fin.:ille Graecus ab omni laude felicior,
id. Brut. 16, 63:ab una parte haud satis prosperuin,
Liv. 1, 32, 2 al.;so often in poets ab arte=arte,
artfully, Tib. 1, 5, 4; 1, 9, 66; Ov. Am. 2, 4, 30.In the statement of the motive instead of ex, propter, or the simple abl. causae, from, out of, on account of, in consequence of: ab singulari amore scribo, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, B fin.:m.linguam ab irrisu exserentem,
thrusting out the tongue in derision, Liv. 7, 10, 5:ab honore,
id. 1, 8; so, ab ira, a spe, ab odio, v. Drak. ad Liv. 24, 30, 1: 26, 1, 3; cf. also Kritz and Fabri ad Sall. J. 31, 3, and Fabri ad Liv. 21, 36, 7.Especially in the poets instead of the gen.:n.ab illo injuria,
Ter. And. 1, 1, 129:fulgor ab auro,
Lucr. 2, 5:dulces a fontibus undae,
Verg. G. 2, 243.In indicating a part of the whole, for the more usual ex, of, out of:o.scuto ab novissimis uni militi detracto,
Caes. B. G. 2, 25, 1:nonnuill ab novissimis,
id. ib.; Cic. Sest. 65, 137; cf. id. ib. 59 fin.: a quibus (captivis) ad Senatum missus (Regulus).In marking that from which any thing proceeds, and to which it belongs:p.qui sunt ab ea disciplina,
Cic. Tusc. 2, 3, 7:ab eo qui sunt,
id. Fin. 4, 3, 7:nostri illi a Platone et Aristotele aiunt,
id. Mur. 30, 63 (in imitation of oi upo tinos).To designate an office or dignity (with or without servus; so not freq. till after the Aug. period;q.in Cic. only once): Pollex, servus a pedibus meus,
one of my couriers, Cic. Att. 8, 5, 1; so,a manu servus,
a secretary, Suet. Caes. 74: Narcissum ab eplstulis ( secretary) et Pallantem a rationibus ( accountant), id. Claud. 28; and so, ab actis, ab admissione, ab aegris, ab apotheca, ab argento, a balneis, a bibliotheca, a codicillis, a jumentis, a potione, etc. (v. these words and Inscr. Orell. vol. 3, Ind. xi. p. 181 sq.).The use of ab before adverbs is for the most part peculiar to later Latinity:► a.a peregre,
Vitr. 5, 7 (6), 8:a foris,
Plin. 17, 24, 37; Vulg. Gen, 7, 16; ib. Matt. 23, 27:ab intus,
ib. ib. 7, 15:ab invicem,
App. Herb. 112; Vulg. Matt. 25, 32; Cypr. Ep. 63, 9: Hier. Ep. 18:a longe,
Hyg. Fab. 257; Vulg. Gen. 22, 4; ib. Matt. 26, 58:a modo,
ib. ib. 23, 39;Hier. Vit. Hilar.: a nune,
Vulg. Luc. 1, 48:a sursum,
ib. Marc. 15, 38.Ab is not repeated like most other prepositions (v. ad, ex, in, etc.) with pron. interrog. or relat. after subst. and pron. demonstr. with ab:b.Arsinoen, Stratum, Naupactum...fateris ab hostibus esse captas. Quibus autem hostibus? Nempe iis, quos, etc.,
Cic. Pis. 37, 91:a rebus gerendis senectus abstrahit. Quibus? An iis, quae in juventute geruntur et viribus?
id. Sen. 6:a Jove incipiendum putat. Quo Jove?
id. Rep. 1, 36, 56:res publica, quascumque vires habebit, ab iis ipsis, quibus tenetur, de te propediem impetrabit,
id. Fam. 4, 13, 5.—Ab in Plantus is once put after the word which it governs: quo ab, As. 1, 1, 106.—c.It is in various ways separated from the word which it governs:d.a vitae periculo,
Cic. Brut. 91, 313:a nullius umquam me tempore aut commodo,
id. Arch. 6, 12:a minus bono,
Sall. C. 2, 6:a satis miti principio,
Liv. 1, 6, 4:damnis dives ab ipsa suis,
Ov. H. 9, 96; so id. ib. 12, 18; 13, 116.—The poets join a and que, making aque; but in good prose que is annexed to the following abl. (a meque, abs teque, etc.):e.aque Chao,
Verg. G. 4, 347:aque mero,
Ov. M. 3, 631:aque viro,
id. H. 6, 156:aque suis,
id. Tr. 5, 2, 74 al. But:a meque,
Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 1:abs teque,
id. Att. 3, 15, 4:a teque,
id. ib. 8, 11, §7: a primaque adulescentia,
id. Brut. 91, 315 al. —A Greek noun joined with ab stands in the dat.: a parte negotiati, hoc est pragmatikê, removisse, Quint. 3, 7, 1.III.In composition ab,1.Retains its original signif.: abducere, to take or carry away from some place: abstrahere, to draw auay; also, downward: abicere, to throw down; and denoting a departure from the idea of the simple word, it has an effect apparently privative: absimilis, departing from the similar, unlike: abnormis, departing from the rule, unusual (different from dissimilis, enormis); and so also in amens=a mente remotus, alienus ( out of one's senses, without self-control, insane): absurdus, missounding, then incongruous, irrational: abutor (in one of its senses), to misuse: aborior, abortus, to miscarry: abludo; for the privative force the Latin regularly employs in-, v. 2. in.—2.It more rarely designates completeness, as in absorbere, abutor ( to use up). (The designation of the fourth generation in the ascending or descending line by ab belongs here only in appearance; as abavus for quartus pater, great-great-grandfather, although the Greeks introduced upopappos; for the immutability of the syllable ab in abpatrnus and abmatertera, as well as the signif. Of the word abavus, grandfather's grandfather, imitated in abnepos, grandchild's grandchild, seems to point to a derivation from avi avus, as Festus, p. 13 Mull., explains atavus, by atta avi, or, rather, attae avus.) -
4 nascor
nāscor (altlat. gnāscor), nātus sum (altl. gnātus sum), nāscitūrus, nāscī (verwandt mit gigno), I) eig.: A) gezeugt-, geboren werden, vom Manne und vom Weibe, v. Gewächsen = wachsen, verb. mit ex, de u. Abl. od. mit bl. Abl., selten mit ab u. Abl., quod ex quocumque asino et equa nascitur, id est mulus et mula, Varro LL.: bestiae ex se natos diligunt, ihre Jungen, Cic.: ex fratre et sorore nati, die Kinder, Nep.: ex me hic non natus est, sed ex fratre, er ist nicht mein Sohn, Ter.: ex me et hoc natus est, Ter.: ex Thetide natus, Quint.: de paelice natus, Ov.: quo de genere gnatus est illic Philoctetes? Plaut.: silice non nati sumus, Cic.: natus servā, Liv.: natus deā, Ov.: nasci certo patre, einen Vater haben, Cic.: libertino patre natus, Liv. epit.: nullo patre natus, ohne bestimmten Vater, Liv.: frater utroque parente natus (Ggstz. matre eādem natus), Liv.: rusticis parentibus natus, ein Bauernkind, -sohn, Macr.: generari et nasci a principibus, Tac.: nascentur ab illis, Verg. – mit Dat. wem? vitulum matri eius natum mirae magnitudinis, Aur. Vict.: ei filium nasciturum, qui, Iul. Val. – m. Dat. für wen? non nobis solum nati sumus, Cic.: herbam non pecori tantum, sed homini nasci, Sen.: nasci aerumnis, Sen. – m. attrib. Adi. zur Angabe als wer? unde illa scivit, niger an albus nascerer? Phaedr. 3, 15, 10: astruentes illum iustum nasci aut emori minime convenisse, Aur. Vict. de Caes. 20, 6. – absol., impares nascimur, pares morimur, Sen.: pomorum ingens modus nascitur, Curt.: pupillus non natus, ein ungeborenes M., Cic.: alqm natum non putare, Sen.: mortalis natus, als St. geboren, Cic.: vir natus, als Mann geboren, Phaedr.: homo natus, als Mensch geboren, Menschenkind, Menschensohn, Sen. u.a. (s. Bünem. Lact. 3, 19, 7. Davis Cic. Tusc. 3, 36): Macedo natus, ein M. von Geburt, Curt.: recens natus, s. recēnsno. II: post homines natos, seitdem Menschen gelebt haben, Cic.: post hominum genus natum, seit Erschaffung der Welt, Cic.: aves in pedes nascuntur, kommen mit den Füßen zuerst auf die Welt, Plin.: in miseriam nascimur sempiternam, wir werden zu ewigem Elende geboren, Cic.: Graeci nati in litteris, unter den Wissenschaften aufgewachsen, Cic.: inter vepres rosae nascuntur, Amm.: natus in libero populo inter iura legesque, Liv.: sub alio caelo natae beluae, Sen.: caelum, sub quo natus educatusque essem, Liv.: id (diese Erzeugnisse) non apud eos nasci, Cic.: servus aut domi natus est aut hereditate relictus aut emptus, Ps. Quint. decl.: cuius domi haec nascuntur, dem das im eigenen Garten wächst (bildl.), Cic.: ibi natum esse, Syracusis natum esse, Plaut.: humi nascuntur fraga, Verg.: gramen, quod in eo loco gnatum esset, Gell. – Partiz. Futur. nāscitūrus, a, um, Pallad. 7, 7, 8. Cassian. de inc. Chr. 2, 3. Augustin. serm. 2, 1; 184, 3; 188, 4; 370, 2. Sidon. epist. 3, 3, 1. Ps. Porc. Latro decl. c. Catil. 8. Iul. Val. 1, 5 ed. Rom. (dagegen verlangt Cledon. 57, 34 K. naturus): Gerundiv nāscendus, a, um, zB. ad homines quoque nascendos vim numeri istius pertinere ait, zur Erzeugung, Bildung von Menschen, Gell. 3, 10, 7; vgl. Cod. Iust. 5, 27, 4. Cledon. 57, 34 K. – B) entspringen, entstammen, nascetur pulchrā Troianus origine Caesar, Verg.: antiquo genere natus, aus einer alten Familie, Nep.: amplissimā familiā natus, Caes.: natus summo loco, von vornehmer Herkunft, Cic.: obscure natus, von dunkler Herkunft, Eutr.: non admodum clare natus, von keiner sehr berühmten Familie, Eutr. – ex senatoribus principes nascuntur, Tac. hist. 1, 84. – II) übtr., von konkr. u. abstr. Ggstdn., entstehen, entspringen, herrühren, sich zeigen, seinen Anfang nehmen, werden, verb. mit ex, ab, in u. Abl., nasci ex omnibus rebus omne genus posset, Lucr.: ex palude nascitur amnis, Plin.: ex hoc nascitur, ut etc., daraus folgt, daß usw., Cic.: ab eo flumine collis nascebatur, erhob sich, Caes.: nulla pestis est, quae non homini ab homine nascatur, Cic.: querelae verae nascuntur pectore ab imo, Catull.: profectio nata a timore defectionis, Caes.: a vobis natus sum consularis, Cic.: invenietis id facinus natum a cupiditate, Cic.: fateor ea me studiose secutum, ex quibus vera gloria nasci posset, Cic.: Ganges in montibus nascitur, Plin.: apud quos (Auchetas) Hypanis nascitur, Mart. Cap.: nascitur ibi plumbum, Caes.: absol., inde quasi nata (wie aus dem Boden gestampft) subito classis erupit, Flor.: lunā nascente, beim Aufgang des Mondes, Hor.: nascere, Lucifer, geh auf! Verg.: natae nebulae, Ov.: nascentia templa, neu sich erhebende Tempel, Mart.: nascentis Italiae fauces, des beginnenden J., Flor.: ut mihi nascatur argumentum epistulae, damit ich Stoff zum Briefe bekomme, Cic.: in sermone nato super cenam, das sich entsponnen hatte, Suet. Caes. 87.
Außerdem bemerke man noch in bes. Bed. die Participia A) nāscentia, ium, n., organische Körper, bes. Gewächse, Vitr. 5, 1, 3 u. 8, 1. – B) nātus (gnātus), a, um, 1) subst.: a) nātus (gnātus), ī, m., α) Sohn, natus crudelis, v. Alkmäon, Verg.: volucer, v. Amor, Ov.: mihi ausculta, nate, Enn.: da, nate, petenti, Verg.: natum obiectat illis, den Tod des S., Ov.: Plur. nati, Kinder, Verg., Ov. u.a. Dicht.: in klass. Prosa nur im Ggstz. zu parentes u. dgl., nati et parentes, Cic. de amic. 27: parentes natique, Liv. 1, 23, 1: viri natique, Liv. 5, 40, 3: maritus et nati, Corp. inscr. Lat. 2, 2900: von Tieren, die Jungen, Colum., Verg. u. Ov. – β) ein Mensch, nemo natus in aedibus habitat, keine menschliche Seele, Plaut.; vgl. Lorenz Plaut., most. 389. – b) nāta (gnāta), ae, f., Tochter, gnatam requirens, Cic. fragm. H. IV, a, 694: maxima natarum Priami, Verg.: si quis gnatam pro muta devovet agna, Hor.: Dat. u. Abl. Plur. natis; aber auch natabus (gnatabus), Plaut. bei Prisc. 7, 11. Corp. inscr. Lat. 2, 1963. col. 1. lin. 3. Vgl. Neue-Wagener Formenl.3 1, 36 ff. – c) neutr. pl., terrā nata, Erzeugnisse der Erde, Cic. ep. 9, 26, 2: sponte natis ali, sich von dem nähren, was ohne Anbau wächst, Arnob. 2, 40 in. – 2) adi.: a) zu etw. geboren, zu etw. geschaffen, von Natur zu etw. bestimmt, dah. geschickt, geeignet, m. ad od. in u. Akk. od. m. bl. Dat. (s. Müller Liv. 1, 34, 3), vir ad omnia summa natus, Cic.: vir nihil minus quam ad bella natus, Liv. epit.: ad dicendum natus et aptus, recht dazu gemacht usw., Cic.: bos ad arandum natus, Cic.: locus natus ad equestrem pugnam, Liv.: nata in vanos tumultus gens, Liv.: viri in arma nati, Liv.: natis in usum laetitiae scyphis, Hor.: Crispus iucundus et delectationi natus, Cic.: natus abdomini suo, Cic., abdomini et voluptatibus, Treb. Poll.: qui se natum huic imperio putavit, Cic.: nationes natae servituti, Cic.: loca nata insidiis, Liv.: natus agendis rebus, Hor.: otium natum sermonibus serendis, Curt.: ager rē ipsā natus tegendis insidiis, Liv. – m. adversus u. Akk., Hannibal natus adversus Romanos hostis, Liv. 35, 12, 14. – mit Infin., fruges consumere nati, Hor. ep. 1, 2, 27: natus tolerare labores, Ov. met. 15, 121: pati natae (feminae), Sen. ep. 95, 21: aqua nata defluere, Sen. nat. qu. 2, 9, 2: quod illa prona in terramque vergentia nihil nata sunt prospicere nisi pabulum, Min. Fel. 17, 2. – b) mit Adverbien, irgendwie (von Natur) beschaffen, ita natus locus est, Liv.: ager male natus, Varro: ita rem natam intellego, Plaut.: versus male nati, Hor.: homo improbius natus, i.e. cui magna est natura, im obszönen Sinne, Suet.: dah. e re nata, Ter., od. pro re nata, Cic., nach Beschaffenheit der Sache od. der Umstände, der Zeit. – c) mit einer Zeitbestimmung im Acc., irgendwie alt, in einem Alter von, annos nonaginta natus, Cic.: plus triginta natus annis ego sum, Plaut.: od. mit einer Zeitangabe im Genet., decem annorum natus, Varro sat. Men. 496: annorum gnatus XVI, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 26: septem nata annorum, ibid. 1, 1011. Vgl. magnus no. II, A, 2, b, α u. parvus no. II, C, 2, a. – / Parag. Infin. nascier, Anthol. Lat. 6, 19 R. Über die übrigen Formen von nascor vgl. Georges Lexik. d. lat. Wortf. S. 444.
-
5 darunter
darunter, I) zur Angabe des örtlichen Befindens oder Gelangens unter einen Gegenstand: sub eo. sub ea (zur Bezeichnung des ruhigen Befindens). – subeum, eam, id etc. (zur Angabe der Bewegung unter etwas hin). – Auch werden die Adverbia infra (unterhalb), subter (darunterhin, -weg), subtus (unterwärts) gebraucht, wenn im Vorhergehenden schon der Gegenstand, unter dem sich etwas befindet, angegeben ist, z. B. über dem Monde ist alles ewig, was sich d. befindet, ist sterblich, supra lunam sunt aeterna omnia, infra autem nihil est nisi mortale: was darüber und d. ist, quae supra et subter sunt. – darunter und darüber gehen, pedibus trahi (s. Cic. ep. 7, 32, 2; ad Att. 4, 18, 2). – es ging im Staate alles darunter und darüber, omnia erant praecipitia in re publica (Vell. 2, 22, 5): es geht bei dir d. und darüber, tuae res ita sunt contractae, ut nec caput nec pedes(sc. habeant, Cic. ep. 7, 31, 2): es geht alles d. u. darüber, omnia perturbantur ac miscentur (nach Plin. ep. 1, 20, 19). – Auch bilden die Lateiner Zusammensetzungen mit sub, z. B. darunterbreiten, substernere. – daruntergehen, subire mit Akk. – darunterhalten,- legen, supponere; subicere; subdere. – darunterliegen, subiacēre; subiectum, suppositum esse. – II) = dazwischen, mit unter [563] einer Zahl, Klasse befindlich: inter eos (eas, ea). in iis (unter ihnen). – ex iis. de iis (aus, von ihnen). – in hoc numero. in eo numero, im Relativsatz quo in numero (unter dieser Zahl). – in hoc od. eo genere od. (im Relativsatz) quo in genere (unter dieser Klasse). – Steht »darunter« mit einem Superlativ, Zahlwort, übh. mit einem Partizip in Verbindung, so wird es gew. durch den Genet. eorum, earum ausgedrückt, z. B. darunter ist er der schlechteste, eorum est pessimus. – Bei Verben wird es im Lateinischen in Zusammensetzungen mit inter, in, ad ausgedrückt, z. B. daruntergießen, affundere. – daruntermischen, admiscere; immiscere; intermiscere. – darunter gehören, eo od. in eum numerum referri. in iis numerari (übh. dazu gerechnet werden); eius ordinis od. corporis esse (unter diesen Stand); ei generi subiectum esse (unter diese Gattung). – darunterrechnen, in eorum numerum referre; in eorum numero habere oder reponere. – daruntersetzen, (ei rei) interponere, intericere. – III) zur Angabe der obwaltenden Umstände u. der Ursache: eo; eā re. – darunter leiden; z. B. ich leide darunter, ad me damni periculum redundat: mein Interesse leidet darunter, eā re commodis meis officitur: sein Ruf hat darunter gelitten, existimationis iacturam fecit. – etwas darunter haben; z. B. was hat er darunter? quid sibi vult? – IV) zur Bezeichnung der Verminderung einer Zahl od. eines Wertes = »weniger, wohlfeiler etc.«, z. B. darunter verkaufen, verkauft werden, minoris(sc.pretii) vendere, venire: d. kosten, minoris constare – alle Jünglinge von 20 Jahren und d., omnes iuvenes viginti annos nati et minores.
-
6 nascor
nāscor (altlat. gnāscor), nātus sum (altl. gnātus sum), nāscitūrus, nāscī (verwandt mit gigno), I) eig.: A) gezeugt-, geboren werden, vom Manne und vom Weibe, v. Gewächsen = wachsen, verb. mit ex, de u. Abl. od. mit bl. Abl., selten mit ab u. Abl., quod ex quocumque asino et equa nascitur, id est mulus et mula, Varro LL.: bestiae ex se natos diligunt, ihre Jungen, Cic.: ex fratre et sorore nati, die Kinder, Nep.: ex me hic non natus est, sed ex fratre, er ist nicht mein Sohn, Ter.: ex me et hoc natus est, Ter.: ex Thetide natus, Quint.: de paelice natus, Ov.: quo de genere gnatus est illic Philoctetes? Plaut.: silice non nati sumus, Cic.: natus servā, Liv.: natus deā, Ov.: nasci certo patre, einen Vater haben, Cic.: libertino patre natus, Liv. epit.: nullo patre natus, ohne bestimmten Vater, Liv.: frater utroque parente natus (Ggstz. matre eādem natus), Liv.: rusticis parentibus natus, ein Bauernkind, -sohn, Macr.: generari et nasci a principibus, Tac.: nascentur ab illis, Verg. – mit Dat. wem? vitulum matri eius natum mirae magnitudinis, Aur. Vict.: ei filium nasciturum, qui, Iul. Val. – m. Dat. für wen? non nobis solum nati sumus, Cic.: herbam non pecori tantum, sed homini nasci, Sen.: nasci aerumnis, Sen. – m. attrib. Adi. zur Angabe als wer? unde illa scivit, niger an albus nascerer? Phaedr. 3, 15, 10: astruentes illum iustum nasci aut emori mi-————nime convenisse, Aur. Vict. de Caes. 20, 6. – absol., impares nascimur, pares morimur, Sen.: pomorum ingens modus nascitur, Curt.: pupillus non natus, ein ungeborenes M., Cic.: alqm natum non putare, Sen.: mortalis natus, als St. geboren, Cic.: vir natus, als Mann geboren, Phaedr.: homo natus, als Mensch geboren, Menschenkind, Menschensohn, Sen. u.a. (s. Bünem. Lact. 3, 19, 7. Davis Cic. Tusc. 3, 36): Macedo natus, ein M. von Geburt, Curt.: recens natus, s. recens no. II: post homines natos, seitdem Menschen gelebt haben, Cic.: post hominum genus natum, seit Erschaffung der Welt, Cic.: aves in pedes nascuntur, kommen mit den Füßen zuerst auf die Welt, Plin.: in miseriam nascimur sempiternam, wir werden zu ewigem Elende geboren, Cic.: Graeci nati in litteris, unter den Wissenschaften aufgewachsen, Cic.: inter vepres rosae nascuntur, Amm.: natus in libero populo inter iura legesque, Liv.: sub alio caelo natae beluae, Sen.: caelum, sub quo natus educatusque essem, Liv.: id (diese Erzeugnisse) non apud eos nasci, Cic.: servus aut domi natus est aut hereditate relictus aut emptus, Ps. Quint. decl.: cuius domi haec nascuntur, dem das im eigenen Garten wächst (bildl.), Cic.: ibi natum esse, Syracusis natum esse, Plaut.: humi nascuntur fraga, Verg.: gramen, quod in eo loco gnatum esset, Gell. – Partiz. Futur. nāscitūrus, a, um, Pallad. 7, 7, 8. Cassian. de inc. Chr. 2, 3. Augustin. serm. 2,————1; 184, 3; 188, 4; 370, 2. Sidon. epist. 3, 3, 1. Ps. Porc. Latro decl. c. Catil. 8. Iul. Val. 1, 5 ed. Rom. (dagegen verlangt Cledon. 57, 34 K. naturus): Gerundiv nāscendus, a, um, zB. ad homines quoque nascendos vim numeri istius pertinere ait, zur Erzeugung, Bildung von Menschen, Gell. 3, 10, 7; vgl. Cod. Iust. 5, 27, 4. Cledon. 57, 34 K. – B) entspringen, entstammen, nascetur pulchrā Troianus origine Caesar, Verg.: antiquo genere natus, aus einer alten Familie, Nep.: amplissimā familiā natus, Caes.: natus summo loco, von vornehmer Herkunft, Cic.: obscure natus, von dunkler Herkunft, Eutr.: non admodum clare natus, von keiner sehr berühmten Familie, Eutr. – ex senatoribus principes nascuntur, Tac. hist. 1, 84. – II) übtr., von konkr. u. abstr. Ggstdn., entstehen, entspringen, herrühren, sich zeigen, seinen Anfang nehmen, werden, verb. mit ex, ab, in u. Abl., nasci ex omnibus rebus omne genus posset, Lucr.: ex palude nascitur amnis, Plin.: ex hoc nascitur, ut etc., daraus folgt, daß usw., Cic.: ab eo flumine collis nascebatur, erhob sich, Caes.: nulla pestis est, quae non homini ab homine nascatur, Cic.: querelae verae nascuntur pectore ab imo, Catull.: profectio nata a timore defectionis, Caes.: a vobis natus sum consularis, Cic.: invenietis id facinus natum a cupiditate, Cic.: fateor ea me studiose secutum, ex quibus vera gloria nasci posset, Cic.: Ganges in montibus na-————scitur, Plin.: apud quos (Auchetas) Hypanis nascitur, Mart. Cap.: nascitur ibi plumbum, Caes.: absol., inde quasi nata (wie aus dem Boden gestampft) subito classis erupit, Flor.: lunā nascente, beim Aufgang des Mondes, Hor.: nascere, Lucifer, geh auf! Verg.: natae nebulae, Ov.: nascentia templa, neu sich erhebende Tempel, Mart.: nascentis Italiae fauces, des beginnenden J., Flor.: ut mihi nascatur argumentum epistulae, damit ich Stoff zum Briefe bekomme, Cic.: in sermone nato super cenam, das sich entsponnen hatte, Suet. Caes. 87.Außerdem bemerke man noch in bes. Bed. die Participia A) nāscentia, ium, n., organische Körper, bes. Gewächse, Vitr. 5, 1, 3 u. 8, 1. – B) nātus (gnātus), a, um, 1) subst.: a) nātus (gnātus), ī, m., α) Sohn, natus crudelis, v. Alkmäon, Verg.: volucer, v. Amor, Ov.: mihi ausculta, nate, Enn.: da, nate, petenti, Verg.: natum obiectat illis, den Tod des S., Ov.: Plur. nati, Kinder, Verg., Ov. u.a. Dicht.: in klass. Prosa nur im Ggstz. zu parentes u. dgl., nati et parentes, Cic. de amic. 27: parentes natique, Liv. 1, 23, 1: viri natique, Liv. 5, 40, 3: maritus et nati, Corp. inscr. Lat. 2, 2900: von Tieren, die Jungen, Colum., Verg. u. Ov. – β) ein Mensch, nemo natus in aedibus habitat, keine menschliche Seele, Plaut.; vgl. Lorenz Plaut., most. 389. – b) nāta (gnāta), ae, f., Tochter, gnatam requirens, Cic. fragm. H. IV, a, 694: maxima————natarum Priami, Verg.: si quis gnatam pro muta devovet agna, Hor.: Dat. u. Abl. Plur. natis; aber auch natabus (gnatabus), Plaut. bei Prisc. 7, 11. Corp. inscr. Lat. 2, 1963. col. 1. lin. 3. Vgl. Neue-Wagener Formenl.3 1, 36 ff. – c) neutr. pl., terrā nata, Erzeugnisse der Erde, Cic. ep. 9, 26, 2: sponte natis ali, sich von dem nähren, was ohne Anbau wächst, Arnob. 2, 40 in. – 2) adi.: a) zu etw. geboren, zu etw. geschaffen, von Natur zu etw. bestimmt, dah. geschickt, geeignet, m. ad od. in u. Akk. od. m. bl. Dat. (s. Müller Liv. 1, 34, 3), vir ad omnia summa natus, Cic.: vir nihil minus quam ad bella natus, Liv. epit.: ad dicendum natus et aptus, recht dazu gemacht usw., Cic.: bos ad arandum natus, Cic.: locus natus ad equestrem pugnam, Liv.: nata in vanos tumultus gens, Liv.: viri in arma nati, Liv.: natis in usum laetitiae scyphis, Hor.: Crispus iucundus et delectationi natus, Cic.: natus abdomini suo, Cic., abdomini et voluptatibus, Treb. Poll.: qui se natum huic imperio putavit, Cic.: nationes natae servituti, Cic.: loca nata insidiis, Liv.: natus agendis rebus, Hor.: otium natum sermonibus serendis, Curt.: ager rē ipsā natus tegendis insidiis, Liv. – m. adversus u. Akk., Hannibal natus adversus Romanos hostis, Liv. 35, 12, 14. – mit Infin., fruges consumere nati, Hor. ep. 1, 2, 27: natus tolerare labores, Ov. met. 15, 121: pati natae (feminae), Sen. ep. 95, 21: aqua nata defluere, Sen. nat. qu. 2, 9, 2: quod————illa prona in terramque vergentia nihil nata sunt prospicere nisi pabulum, Min. Fel. 17, 2. – b) mit Adverbien, irgendwie (von Natur) beschaffen, ita natus locus est, Liv.: ager male natus, Varro: ita rem natam intellego, Plaut.: versus male nati, Hor.: homo improbius natus, i.e. cui magna est natura, im obszönen Sinne, Suet.: dah. e re nata, Ter., od. pro re nata, Cic., nach Beschaffenheit der Sache od. der Umstände, der Zeit. – c) mit einer Zeitbestimmung im Acc., irgendwie alt, in einem Alter von, annos nonaginta natus, Cic.: plus triginta natus annis ego sum, Plaut.: od. mit einer Zeitangabe im Genet., decem annorum natus, Varro sat. Men. 496: annorum gnatus XVI, Corp. inscr. Lat. 1, 26: septem nata annorum, ibid. 1, 1011. Vgl. magnus no. II, A, 2, b, α u. parvus no. II, C, 2, a. – ⇒ Parag. Infin. nascier, Anthol. Lat. 6, 19 R. Über die übrigen Formen von nascor vgl. Georges Lexik. d. lat. Wortf. S. 444. -
7 timeo
timeo, uī, ēre, I) etw. od. jmd. fürchten, vor etw. od. jmd. sich fürchten, in Furcht sein, besorgt sein (Ggstz. sperare, contemnere), m. Acc., alqm, Cic. u. Nep.: inter se, Nep.: insidias, periculum, Curt.: mortem, Ov.: quin tuta times! Ov.: quid timeas scio, Ter.: nihil minus quam tale quidquam timens, Liv.: Passiv, deus frustra timetur, Ov.: timetur argentum, Mart.: pila timetur Parthis (= a Parthis), Lucan.: unpers., omni a parte timetur, ist man in Furcht, Ov. – m. Dat. für wen? noxiam vini aegris, Plin.: patronum iustitiae suae, Quint.: furem caulibus aut pomis, Iuven.: m. pro u. Abl., quid pro quoque timendum sit, Brut. in Cic. ep. ad Brut. 1, 16, 2. – m. folg. ne u. Konj., m. folg. ne non od. ut u. Konj., hoc timet, ne deseras se, Ter.: metuo et timeo, ne hoc tandem propalam fiat nimis, Plaut.: timens, ne suo corpori posset accĭdere, Cic.: neque timerent, ne circumvenirentur, Caes.: timeo, ne non impetrem, Cic.: timeo, ut sustineas, Cic.: quia nihil minus, quam ut egredi obsessi moenibus auderent, timeri poterat, Liv. – m. folg. quo minus u. Konj., quid in me tirone timeat, quo minus mecum velit sermonem conferre, non satis intellego, Augustin. epist. 34, 6. – m. folg. Acc. u. Infin. = fürchten, mit Angst erwarten (s. Müller u. Weißenb. Liv. 2, 7, 9), ni cedenti instaturum (esse) alterum timuissent, Liv.; vgl. im Passiv, propinqua nox et uxorii cubiculi memoria timebantur, Tac. – m. folg. Infin. = sich scheuen, nomen referre in tabulas, Cic.: tantae magnitudinis flumini exercitum obicere, Caes.: sciscitari, Liv.: cenare, Hor.: se demittere in narrationem, Sen. rhet.: findere, Plin.: haud timeam dixisse, Ov.: times sola intrare, Ov.: non times pauper fieri, Lampr. – m. folg. indir. Fragesatz, misera timeo, quid hoc sit negotii, Plaut.: quid agatur, timeo, Cic.: quid possem, timebam, Cic.: quo sint eruptura, timeo, Cic.: so auch mit folg. quorsum, Ter. u. Nep.: zugleich m. Dat. für wen? nunc nostrae timeo parti, quid hic respondeat, Ter. – im Passiv m. folg. Partiz. Fut. Akt., ne timeretur eis velut erepturus civitatem, Liv. epit. 86. – absol., ne time, Plaut.: neuter timet, neuter timetur, Plin. ep.: liberalius, quam timebamus, Cic.: et timere et admirari (nos) fingimus, Quint.: eo deceptum, quod neque commissum a se intellegeret, quare timeret, neque sine causa timendum putaret, Caes.: tantum sit causa timendi, Ov.: alqm subit timendi pudor, Plin. ep.: do pignora certa timendo (durch meine Besorgnis), Ov. – m. Dat. für wen? sibi, Caes.: comiti, Verg. u. Ov.: eius vitae, Ter.: libertati, Sall.: unpers., urbi timetur, Lucan. – m. pro u. Abl., timuere dei pro vindice terrae, Ov.: qui pro illo nimium timet, Sen.: pro eo timebam, Curt.: timens pro capite amicissimo, Plin. ep.: pro Aristippi anima, Augustin. – m. folg. de (wegen, in Ansehung) u. Abl., de re publica valde timeo, Cic.: unpers., cum de salute regis timeretur, Curt. – m. folg. ab (von seiten) u. Abl., a quo quidem genere ego numquam timui, Cic.: cum timemus fraudem a proximis, insidias a servis, Sen. – m. Abl. womit? timuit exterrita pennis ales, gab seine Furcht mit den Flügeln (durch Flattern) zu erkennen, Verg. Aen. 5, 505. – II) prägn., jmd. zu fürchten haben = es mit jmd. aufnehmen-, mit jmd. kämpfen müssen, non omnia monstra tim., Sen. apoc. 5, 3 (wo das handschr. timuerit herzustellen ist): monstra saeva aut feras, Sen. Herc. fur. 455 (458): feras, Sen. Herc. Oet. 270 (272): pro telis gerit quae timuit et quae fudit, Sen. Herc. fur. 40 (44) sq.: et uterque timuit, Sen. Herc. fur. 793 (797). – / PAdi. timēns u. timendus s. bes.
-
8 timeo
timeo, uī, ēre, I) etw. od. jmd. fürchten, vor etw. od. jmd. sich fürchten, in Furcht sein, besorgt sein (Ggstz. sperare, contemnere), m. Acc., alqm, Cic. u. Nep.: inter se, Nep.: insidias, periculum, Curt.: mortem, Ov.: quin tuta times! Ov.: quid timeas scio, Ter.: nihil minus quam tale quidquam timens, Liv.: Passiv, deus frustra timetur, Ov.: timetur argentum, Mart.: pila timetur Parthis (= a Parthis), Lucan.: unpers., omni a parte timetur, ist man in Furcht, Ov. – m. Dat. für wen? noxiam vini aegris, Plin.: patronum iustitiae suae, Quint.: furem caulibus aut pomis, Iuven.: m. pro u. Abl., quid pro quoque timendum sit, Brut. in Cic. ep. ad Brut. 1, 16, 2. – m. folg. ne u. Konj., m. folg. ne non od. ut u. Konj., hoc timet, ne deseras se, Ter.: metuo et timeo, ne hoc tandem propalam fiat nimis, Plaut.: timens, ne suo corpori posset accĭdere, Cic.: neque timerent, ne circumvenirentur, Caes.: timeo, ne non impetrem, Cic.: timeo, ut sustineas, Cic.: quia nihil minus, quam ut egredi obsessi moenibus auderent, timeri poterat, Liv. – m. folg. quo minus u. Konj., quid in me tirone timeat, quo minus mecum velit sermonem conferre, non satis intellego, Augustin. epist. 34, 6. – m. folg. Acc. u. Infin. = fürchten, mit Angst erwarten (s. Müller u. Weißenb. Liv. 2, 7, 9), ni cedenti instaturum (esse) alterum timuissent, Liv.; vgl. im Passiv, propinqua————nox et uxorii cubiculi memoria timebantur, Tac. – m. folg. Infin. = sich scheuen, nomen referre in tabulas, Cic.: tantae magnitudinis flumini exercitum obicere, Caes.: sciscitari, Liv.: cenare, Hor.: se demittere in narrationem, Sen. rhet.: findere, Plin.: haud timeam dixisse, Ov.: times sola intrare, Ov.: non times pauper fieri, Lampr. – m. folg. indir. Fragesatz, misera timeo, quid hoc sit negotii, Plaut.: quid agatur, timeo, Cic.: quid possem, timebam, Cic.: quo sint eruptura, timeo, Cic.: so auch mit folg. quorsum, Ter. u. Nep.: zugleich m. Dat. für wen? nunc nostrae timeo parti, quid hic respondeat, Ter. – im Passiv m. folg. Partiz. Fut. Akt., ne timeretur eis velut erepturus civitatem, Liv. epit. 86. – absol., ne time, Plaut.: neuter timet, neuter timetur, Plin. ep.: liberalius, quam timebamus, Cic.: et timere et admirari (nos) fingimus, Quint.: eo deceptum, quod neque commissum a se intellegeret, quare timeret, neque sine causa timendum putaret, Caes.: tantum sit causa timendi, Ov.: alqm subit timendi pudor, Plin. ep.: do pignora certa timendo (durch meine Besorgnis), Ov. – m. Dat. für wen? sibi, Caes.: comiti, Verg. u. Ov.: eius vitae, Ter.: libertati, Sall.: unpers., urbi timetur, Lucan. – m. pro u. Abl., timuere dei pro vindice terrae, Ov.: qui pro illo nimium timet, Sen.: pro eo timebam, Curt.: timens pro capite amicissimo, Plin. ep.: pro Aristippi anima, Augustin. – m. folg. de (wegen, in Ansehung)————u. Abl., de re publica valde timeo, Cic.: unpers., cum de salute regis timeretur, Curt. – m. folg. ab (von seiten) u. Abl., a quo quidem genere ego numquam timui, Cic.: cum timemus fraudem a proximis, insidias a servis, Sen. – m. Abl. womit? timuit exterrita pennis ales, gab seine Furcht mit den Flügeln (durch Flattern) zu erkennen, Verg. Aen. 5, 505. – II) prägn., jmd. zu fürchten haben = es mit jmd. aufnehmen-, mit jmd. kämpfen müssen, non omnia monstra tim., Sen. apoc. 5, 3 (wo das handschr. timuerit herzustellen ist): monstra saeva aut feras, Sen. Herc. fur. 455 (458): feras, Sen. Herc. Oet. 270 (272): pro telis gerit quae timuit et quae fudit, Sen. Herc. fur. 40 (44) sq.: et uterque timuit, Sen. Herc. fur. 793 (797). – ⇒ PAdi. timēns u. timendus s. bes. -
9 Fortuna
fortūna, ae (archaic gen. sing. fortunas, like familias, escas, vias, etc., Naev. ap. Prisc. p. 679 P.), f. [lengthened from fors; cf. Nep-tunus, v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 434], chance, hap, luck, fate, fortune (good or ill; syn.: casus, fors; fatum, providentia).I.In gen.:B.quid est enim aliud fors, quid fortuna, quid casus, quid eventus, nisi cum sic aliquid cecidit, sic evenit, ut vel non cadere atque evenire, vel aliter cadere atque evenire potuerit? quo modo ergo id, quod temere fit caeco casu et volubilitate fortunae, praesentiri et praedici potest?
Cic. Div. 2, 6, 15:si haec habent aliquam talem necessitatem: quid est tandem quod casu fieri aut forte fortuna putemus? Nihil enim est tam contrarium rationi et constantiae quam fortuna: ut mihi ne in deum quidem cadere videatur, ut sciat, quid casu et fortuito futurum sit. Si enim scit, certe illud eveniet: sin certe eveniet, nulla fortuna est: est autem fortuna: rerum igitur fortuitarum nulla praesensio est, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 7, 18 sq.:sed haec fortuna viderit, quoniam ratio non gubernat,
id. Att. 14, 11, 1:vir ad casum fortunamque felix,
id. Font. 15 fin.:si tot sunt in corpore bona, tot extra corpus in casu atque fortuna... plus fortunam quam consilium valere,
id. Tusc. 5, 9, 25; cf.:(bona) posita non tam in consiliis nostris quam in fortunae temeritate,
id. Lael. 6, 20:adversante fortuna,
id. Rep. 2, 16 fin.; id. Mur. 31, 64:quorum ego causa timidius me fortunae committebam,
id. Att. 9, 6, 4:fortunae rotam pertimescere,
id. Pis. 10, 22: secundam fortunam pulcherrime: adversam aeque ferre, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 6; cf.:prospera adversave fortuna,
Cic. N. D. 3, 37, 89:spoliatam fortunam conferre cum florente fortuna,
id. Pis. 16, 38:integra fortuna (opp. afflicta),
id. Sull. 31 fin.:florentissima (opp. durior),
id. Att. 10, 4, 4:non praecipua, sed par cum ceteris fortunae condicio,
id. Rep. 1, 4:optima,
id. ib. 3, 17 fin.:rei publicae fortuna fatalis,
id. Sest. 7, 17:belli,
Caes. B. C. 2, 6, 1; id. B. G. 1, 36, 3:se suas civitatisque fortunas ejus fidei permissurum,
Caes. B. G. 5, 3 fin. (cf. II. B. 1. fin. infra.).—Prov.:fortuna miserrima tuta est,
Ov. P. 2, 2, 31:fortuna meliores sequitur,
Sall. H. 1, 48, 15 (Dietsch): fortuna cum blanditur, captatum venit, Publ. Syr. 167 (Rib.): fortes fortuna adjuvat; v. fortis, II. A. fin. —Personified: Fortuna, the goddess of fate, luck, or fortune, Fortune: He. Respice me. Er. Fortuna quod nec facit nec faciet me jubes, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 54:II.nequiquam tibi Fortuna faculam lucrifica adlucere volt,
id. Pers. 4, 3, 47:quo in genere vel maxime est Fortuna numeranda,
Cic. N. D. 3, 24, 61:heu, Fortuna, quis est crudelior in nos te deus?
Hor. S. 2, 8, 61:saeviat atque novos moveat Fortuna tumultus,
id. ib. 2, 2, 126:Fortunae fanum antiquum (Syracusis),
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:Fortunae in gremio sedens,
id. Div. 2, 41, 85 sq.:bona Fortuna,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 3 fin.:Malam Fortunam in aedis te adduxi meas,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 6, 17:mala Fortuna,
Cic. Leg. 2, 11, 28; id. N. D. 3, 25, 63: Fors Fortuna;v. fors: Fortunae filius,
child of fortune, fortune's favorite, Hor. S. 2, 6, 49; v. filius.In partic.A. 1.For fortuna secunda, good luck, good fortune, prosperity:b.reliquum est, ut de felicitate pauca dicamus... Maximo, Marcello, Scipioni... non solum propter virtutem, sed etiam propter fortunam saepius imperia mandata,
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 16, 47:judicium hoc omnium mortalium est, fortunam a deo petendam,
id. N. D. 3, 36, 88:diuturna cum fortuna,
id. Div. 1, 20, 39:superbum se praebuit in fortuna,
id. Att. 8, 4, 1:non solum ipsa fortuna caeca est, sed eos etiam plerumque efficit caecos, quos complexa est,
id. Lael. 15, 54:a fortuna deseri,
Caes. B. G. 5, 34, 2: fortunam habere, to succeed, Liv. 24, 34, 1:fortunam sibi facere,
id. 39, 40, 4; cf.:fortunam sequi,
Tac. H. 4, 78:habendam fortunae gratiam, quod, etc.,
Caes. B. C. 3, 73, 3:dum fortuna fuit,
Verg. A. 3, 16:deos precetur et oret, Ut redeat miseris, abeat fortuna superbis,
Hor. A. P. 201:ut tu fortunam, sic nos te feremus,
id. Ep. 1, 8, 17:venimus ad summum fortunae,
id. ib. 2, 1, 32:ut te Confestim liquidus fortunae rivus inauret,
id. ib. 1, 12, 9:occidit Spes omnis et fortuna nostri Nominis,
id. C. 4, 4, 71.—Prov.: Fortunam citius reperias quam retineas, Publ. Syr. 168 (Rib.).—Hence,Per fortunas, i. e. for heaven's sake, Cic. Att. 5, 11, 1; 5, 13, 3; 3, 20, 1.—2.For fortuna adversa, ill luck, mishap, misfortune, adversity (very rare):B.Trojae renascens alite lugubri Fortuna tristi clade iterabitur,
Hor. C. 3, 3, 62:ut arte Emendaturus fortunam,
id. S. 2, 8, 85.—= condicio, state, condition, circumstances, fate, lot (class.;2. (α).a favorite expression of Cicero): est autem infima condicio et fortuna servorum,
Cic. Off. 1, 13, 41; cf.:in infimi generis hominum condicione atque fortuna,
id. Mil. 34, 92:(Lampsaceni) populi Romani condicione socii, fortuna servi,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 32, § 81;so corresp. to condicio,
Quint. 3, 8, 50:Aedui queruntur fortunae commutationem,
Caes. B. G. 7, 63:ut non modo omnium generum, aetatum, ordinum omnes viri ac mulieres, omnis fortunae ac loci, sed, etc.,
Cic. Pis. 22, 52:homines infimā fortunā,
id. Fin. 5, 19, 52:inferiorem esse fortunā,
id. Fam. 13, 5, 2:spes amplificandae fortunae,
id. Lael. 16, 59:cui cessit triplicis fortuna novissima regni,
lot, share, Ov. M. 5, 368:Arruns Camillam Circuit et quae sit fortuna facillima temptat,
opportunity, Verg. A. 11, 761: Gallus utrum avem, an gentem, an fortunam corporis significet, bodily condition (of a eunuch), Quint. 7, 9, 2.— Plur.:quod si eo meae fortunae redeunt, abs te ut distrahar,
Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 23:omnes laudare fortunas meas, qui gnatum haberem tali ingenio praeditum,
id. And. 1, 1, 71:ejus laudare fortunas, quod qua vellet ingredi posset,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 39, 115:et secundas fortunas amittere coactus est, et in adversis sine ullo remedio permanere,
id. Sull. 23, 66; Caes. B. G. 5, 3, 5; 6, 7, 6.—Plur.:(β).tum propter rei publicae calamitates omnium possessiones erant incertae: nunc deum immortalium benignitate omnium fortunae sunt certae,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 12, 33:bona fortunaeque,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 44, § 113:pecunia fortunaeque,
id. Rosc. Am. 3, 7:fortunas morte dimittere,
id. Tusc. 1, 6, 12:et honore et auctoritate et fortunis facile civitatis suae princeps,
id. Rep. 2, 19:fortunis sociorum consumptis,
Caes. B. G. 1, 11 fin.:fortunarum pericula,
Quint. 4, 2, 122.—Sing.:quo mihi fortuna, si non conceditur uti?
Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 12:nec mea concessa est aliis fortuna,
Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 57:adiri nomen invidiosae fortunae Caesaris,
Vell. 2, 60, 1 Ruhnk.:de fortuna, qua uterque abundabat,
Quint. 6, 1, 50:fortunam in nominibus habere,
Dig. 4, 7, 40 fin. -
10 fortuna
fortūna, ae (archaic gen. sing. fortunas, like familias, escas, vias, etc., Naev. ap. Prisc. p. 679 P.), f. [lengthened from fors; cf. Nep-tunus, v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 434], chance, hap, luck, fate, fortune (good or ill; syn.: casus, fors; fatum, providentia).I.In gen.:B.quid est enim aliud fors, quid fortuna, quid casus, quid eventus, nisi cum sic aliquid cecidit, sic evenit, ut vel non cadere atque evenire, vel aliter cadere atque evenire potuerit? quo modo ergo id, quod temere fit caeco casu et volubilitate fortunae, praesentiri et praedici potest?
Cic. Div. 2, 6, 15:si haec habent aliquam talem necessitatem: quid est tandem quod casu fieri aut forte fortuna putemus? Nihil enim est tam contrarium rationi et constantiae quam fortuna: ut mihi ne in deum quidem cadere videatur, ut sciat, quid casu et fortuito futurum sit. Si enim scit, certe illud eveniet: sin certe eveniet, nulla fortuna est: est autem fortuna: rerum igitur fortuitarum nulla praesensio est, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 7, 18 sq.:sed haec fortuna viderit, quoniam ratio non gubernat,
id. Att. 14, 11, 1:vir ad casum fortunamque felix,
id. Font. 15 fin.:si tot sunt in corpore bona, tot extra corpus in casu atque fortuna... plus fortunam quam consilium valere,
id. Tusc. 5, 9, 25; cf.:(bona) posita non tam in consiliis nostris quam in fortunae temeritate,
id. Lael. 6, 20:adversante fortuna,
id. Rep. 2, 16 fin.; id. Mur. 31, 64:quorum ego causa timidius me fortunae committebam,
id. Att. 9, 6, 4:fortunae rotam pertimescere,
id. Pis. 10, 22: secundam fortunam pulcherrime: adversam aeque ferre, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 6; cf.:prospera adversave fortuna,
Cic. N. D. 3, 37, 89:spoliatam fortunam conferre cum florente fortuna,
id. Pis. 16, 38:integra fortuna (opp. afflicta),
id. Sull. 31 fin.:florentissima (opp. durior),
id. Att. 10, 4, 4:non praecipua, sed par cum ceteris fortunae condicio,
id. Rep. 1, 4:optima,
id. ib. 3, 17 fin.:rei publicae fortuna fatalis,
id. Sest. 7, 17:belli,
Caes. B. C. 2, 6, 1; id. B. G. 1, 36, 3:se suas civitatisque fortunas ejus fidei permissurum,
Caes. B. G. 5, 3 fin. (cf. II. B. 1. fin. infra.).—Prov.:fortuna miserrima tuta est,
Ov. P. 2, 2, 31:fortuna meliores sequitur,
Sall. H. 1, 48, 15 (Dietsch): fortuna cum blanditur, captatum venit, Publ. Syr. 167 (Rib.): fortes fortuna adjuvat; v. fortis, II. A. fin. —Personified: Fortuna, the goddess of fate, luck, or fortune, Fortune: He. Respice me. Er. Fortuna quod nec facit nec faciet me jubes, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 54:II.nequiquam tibi Fortuna faculam lucrifica adlucere volt,
id. Pers. 4, 3, 47:quo in genere vel maxime est Fortuna numeranda,
Cic. N. D. 3, 24, 61:heu, Fortuna, quis est crudelior in nos te deus?
Hor. S. 2, 8, 61:saeviat atque novos moveat Fortuna tumultus,
id. ib. 2, 2, 126:Fortunae fanum antiquum (Syracusis),
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:Fortunae in gremio sedens,
id. Div. 2, 41, 85 sq.:bona Fortuna,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 3 fin.:Malam Fortunam in aedis te adduxi meas,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 6, 17:mala Fortuna,
Cic. Leg. 2, 11, 28; id. N. D. 3, 25, 63: Fors Fortuna;v. fors: Fortunae filius,
child of fortune, fortune's favorite, Hor. S. 2, 6, 49; v. filius.In partic.A. 1.For fortuna secunda, good luck, good fortune, prosperity:b.reliquum est, ut de felicitate pauca dicamus... Maximo, Marcello, Scipioni... non solum propter virtutem, sed etiam propter fortunam saepius imperia mandata,
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 16, 47:judicium hoc omnium mortalium est, fortunam a deo petendam,
id. N. D. 3, 36, 88:diuturna cum fortuna,
id. Div. 1, 20, 39:superbum se praebuit in fortuna,
id. Att. 8, 4, 1:non solum ipsa fortuna caeca est, sed eos etiam plerumque efficit caecos, quos complexa est,
id. Lael. 15, 54:a fortuna deseri,
Caes. B. G. 5, 34, 2: fortunam habere, to succeed, Liv. 24, 34, 1:fortunam sibi facere,
id. 39, 40, 4; cf.:fortunam sequi,
Tac. H. 4, 78:habendam fortunae gratiam, quod, etc.,
Caes. B. C. 3, 73, 3:dum fortuna fuit,
Verg. A. 3, 16:deos precetur et oret, Ut redeat miseris, abeat fortuna superbis,
Hor. A. P. 201:ut tu fortunam, sic nos te feremus,
id. Ep. 1, 8, 17:venimus ad summum fortunae,
id. ib. 2, 1, 32:ut te Confestim liquidus fortunae rivus inauret,
id. ib. 1, 12, 9:occidit Spes omnis et fortuna nostri Nominis,
id. C. 4, 4, 71.—Prov.: Fortunam citius reperias quam retineas, Publ. Syr. 168 (Rib.).—Hence,Per fortunas, i. e. for heaven's sake, Cic. Att. 5, 11, 1; 5, 13, 3; 3, 20, 1.—2.For fortuna adversa, ill luck, mishap, misfortune, adversity (very rare):B.Trojae renascens alite lugubri Fortuna tristi clade iterabitur,
Hor. C. 3, 3, 62:ut arte Emendaturus fortunam,
id. S. 2, 8, 85.—= condicio, state, condition, circumstances, fate, lot (class.;2. (α).a favorite expression of Cicero): est autem infima condicio et fortuna servorum,
Cic. Off. 1, 13, 41; cf.:in infimi generis hominum condicione atque fortuna,
id. Mil. 34, 92:(Lampsaceni) populi Romani condicione socii, fortuna servi,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 32, § 81;so corresp. to condicio,
Quint. 3, 8, 50:Aedui queruntur fortunae commutationem,
Caes. B. G. 7, 63:ut non modo omnium generum, aetatum, ordinum omnes viri ac mulieres, omnis fortunae ac loci, sed, etc.,
Cic. Pis. 22, 52:homines infimā fortunā,
id. Fin. 5, 19, 52:inferiorem esse fortunā,
id. Fam. 13, 5, 2:spes amplificandae fortunae,
id. Lael. 16, 59:cui cessit triplicis fortuna novissima regni,
lot, share, Ov. M. 5, 368:Arruns Camillam Circuit et quae sit fortuna facillima temptat,
opportunity, Verg. A. 11, 761: Gallus utrum avem, an gentem, an fortunam corporis significet, bodily condition (of a eunuch), Quint. 7, 9, 2.— Plur.:quod si eo meae fortunae redeunt, abs te ut distrahar,
Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 23:omnes laudare fortunas meas, qui gnatum haberem tali ingenio praeditum,
id. And. 1, 1, 71:ejus laudare fortunas, quod qua vellet ingredi posset,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 39, 115:et secundas fortunas amittere coactus est, et in adversis sine ullo remedio permanere,
id. Sull. 23, 66; Caes. B. G. 5, 3, 5; 6, 7, 6.—Plur.:(β).tum propter rei publicae calamitates omnium possessiones erant incertae: nunc deum immortalium benignitate omnium fortunae sunt certae,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 12, 33:bona fortunaeque,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 44, § 113:pecunia fortunaeque,
id. Rosc. Am. 3, 7:fortunas morte dimittere,
id. Tusc. 1, 6, 12:et honore et auctoritate et fortunis facile civitatis suae princeps,
id. Rep. 2, 19:fortunis sociorum consumptis,
Caes. B. G. 1, 11 fin.:fortunarum pericula,
Quint. 4, 2, 122.—Sing.:quo mihi fortuna, si non conceditur uti?
Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 12:nec mea concessa est aliis fortuna,
Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 57:adiri nomen invidiosae fortunae Caesaris,
Vell. 2, 60, 1 Ruhnk.:de fortuna, qua uterque abundabat,
Quint. 6, 1, 50:fortunam in nominibus habere,
Dig. 4, 7, 40 fin. -
11 fortunae
fortūna, ae (archaic gen. sing. fortunas, like familias, escas, vias, etc., Naev. ap. Prisc. p. 679 P.), f. [lengthened from fors; cf. Nep-tunus, v. Corss. Ausspr. 1, 434], chance, hap, luck, fate, fortune (good or ill; syn.: casus, fors; fatum, providentia).I.In gen.:B.quid est enim aliud fors, quid fortuna, quid casus, quid eventus, nisi cum sic aliquid cecidit, sic evenit, ut vel non cadere atque evenire, vel aliter cadere atque evenire potuerit? quo modo ergo id, quod temere fit caeco casu et volubilitate fortunae, praesentiri et praedici potest?
Cic. Div. 2, 6, 15:si haec habent aliquam talem necessitatem: quid est tandem quod casu fieri aut forte fortuna putemus? Nihil enim est tam contrarium rationi et constantiae quam fortuna: ut mihi ne in deum quidem cadere videatur, ut sciat, quid casu et fortuito futurum sit. Si enim scit, certe illud eveniet: sin certe eveniet, nulla fortuna est: est autem fortuna: rerum igitur fortuitarum nulla praesensio est, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 7, 18 sq.:sed haec fortuna viderit, quoniam ratio non gubernat,
id. Att. 14, 11, 1:vir ad casum fortunamque felix,
id. Font. 15 fin.:si tot sunt in corpore bona, tot extra corpus in casu atque fortuna... plus fortunam quam consilium valere,
id. Tusc. 5, 9, 25; cf.:(bona) posita non tam in consiliis nostris quam in fortunae temeritate,
id. Lael. 6, 20:adversante fortuna,
id. Rep. 2, 16 fin.; id. Mur. 31, 64:quorum ego causa timidius me fortunae committebam,
id. Att. 9, 6, 4:fortunae rotam pertimescere,
id. Pis. 10, 22: secundam fortunam pulcherrime: adversam aeque ferre, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 6; cf.:prospera adversave fortuna,
Cic. N. D. 3, 37, 89:spoliatam fortunam conferre cum florente fortuna,
id. Pis. 16, 38:integra fortuna (opp. afflicta),
id. Sull. 31 fin.:florentissima (opp. durior),
id. Att. 10, 4, 4:non praecipua, sed par cum ceteris fortunae condicio,
id. Rep. 1, 4:optima,
id. ib. 3, 17 fin.:rei publicae fortuna fatalis,
id. Sest. 7, 17:belli,
Caes. B. C. 2, 6, 1; id. B. G. 1, 36, 3:se suas civitatisque fortunas ejus fidei permissurum,
Caes. B. G. 5, 3 fin. (cf. II. B. 1. fin. infra.).—Prov.:fortuna miserrima tuta est,
Ov. P. 2, 2, 31:fortuna meliores sequitur,
Sall. H. 1, 48, 15 (Dietsch): fortuna cum blanditur, captatum venit, Publ. Syr. 167 (Rib.): fortes fortuna adjuvat; v. fortis, II. A. fin. —Personified: Fortuna, the goddess of fate, luck, or fortune, Fortune: He. Respice me. Er. Fortuna quod nec facit nec faciet me jubes, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 54:II.nequiquam tibi Fortuna faculam lucrifica adlucere volt,
id. Pers. 4, 3, 47:quo in genere vel maxime est Fortuna numeranda,
Cic. N. D. 3, 24, 61:heu, Fortuna, quis est crudelior in nos te deus?
Hor. S. 2, 8, 61:saeviat atque novos moveat Fortuna tumultus,
id. ib. 2, 2, 126:Fortunae fanum antiquum (Syracusis),
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 53, § 119:Fortunae in gremio sedens,
id. Div. 2, 41, 85 sq.:bona Fortuna,
id. Verr. 2, 4, 3 fin.:Malam Fortunam in aedis te adduxi meas,
Plaut. Rud. 2, 6, 17:mala Fortuna,
Cic. Leg. 2, 11, 28; id. N. D. 3, 25, 63: Fors Fortuna;v. fors: Fortunae filius,
child of fortune, fortune's favorite, Hor. S. 2, 6, 49; v. filius.In partic.A. 1.For fortuna secunda, good luck, good fortune, prosperity:b.reliquum est, ut de felicitate pauca dicamus... Maximo, Marcello, Scipioni... non solum propter virtutem, sed etiam propter fortunam saepius imperia mandata,
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 16, 47:judicium hoc omnium mortalium est, fortunam a deo petendam,
id. N. D. 3, 36, 88:diuturna cum fortuna,
id. Div. 1, 20, 39:superbum se praebuit in fortuna,
id. Att. 8, 4, 1:non solum ipsa fortuna caeca est, sed eos etiam plerumque efficit caecos, quos complexa est,
id. Lael. 15, 54:a fortuna deseri,
Caes. B. G. 5, 34, 2: fortunam habere, to succeed, Liv. 24, 34, 1:fortunam sibi facere,
id. 39, 40, 4; cf.:fortunam sequi,
Tac. H. 4, 78:habendam fortunae gratiam, quod, etc.,
Caes. B. C. 3, 73, 3:dum fortuna fuit,
Verg. A. 3, 16:deos precetur et oret, Ut redeat miseris, abeat fortuna superbis,
Hor. A. P. 201:ut tu fortunam, sic nos te feremus,
id. Ep. 1, 8, 17:venimus ad summum fortunae,
id. ib. 2, 1, 32:ut te Confestim liquidus fortunae rivus inauret,
id. ib. 1, 12, 9:occidit Spes omnis et fortuna nostri Nominis,
id. C. 4, 4, 71.—Prov.: Fortunam citius reperias quam retineas, Publ. Syr. 168 (Rib.).—Hence,Per fortunas, i. e. for heaven's sake, Cic. Att. 5, 11, 1; 5, 13, 3; 3, 20, 1.—2.For fortuna adversa, ill luck, mishap, misfortune, adversity (very rare):B.Trojae renascens alite lugubri Fortuna tristi clade iterabitur,
Hor. C. 3, 3, 62:ut arte Emendaturus fortunam,
id. S. 2, 8, 85.—= condicio, state, condition, circumstances, fate, lot (class.;2. (α).a favorite expression of Cicero): est autem infima condicio et fortuna servorum,
Cic. Off. 1, 13, 41; cf.:in infimi generis hominum condicione atque fortuna,
id. Mil. 34, 92:(Lampsaceni) populi Romani condicione socii, fortuna servi,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 32, § 81;so corresp. to condicio,
Quint. 3, 8, 50:Aedui queruntur fortunae commutationem,
Caes. B. G. 7, 63:ut non modo omnium generum, aetatum, ordinum omnes viri ac mulieres, omnis fortunae ac loci, sed, etc.,
Cic. Pis. 22, 52:homines infimā fortunā,
id. Fin. 5, 19, 52:inferiorem esse fortunā,
id. Fam. 13, 5, 2:spes amplificandae fortunae,
id. Lael. 16, 59:cui cessit triplicis fortuna novissima regni,
lot, share, Ov. M. 5, 368:Arruns Camillam Circuit et quae sit fortuna facillima temptat,
opportunity, Verg. A. 11, 761: Gallus utrum avem, an gentem, an fortunam corporis significet, bodily condition (of a eunuch), Quint. 7, 9, 2.— Plur.:quod si eo meae fortunae redeunt, abs te ut distrahar,
Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 23:omnes laudare fortunas meas, qui gnatum haberem tali ingenio praeditum,
id. And. 1, 1, 71:ejus laudare fortunas, quod qua vellet ingredi posset,
Cic. Tusc. 5, 39, 115:et secundas fortunas amittere coactus est, et in adversis sine ullo remedio permanere,
id. Sull. 23, 66; Caes. B. G. 5, 3, 5; 6, 7, 6.—Plur.:(β).tum propter rei publicae calamitates omnium possessiones erant incertae: nunc deum immortalium benignitate omnium fortunae sunt certae,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 12, 33:bona fortunaeque,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 44, § 113:pecunia fortunaeque,
id. Rosc. Am. 3, 7:fortunas morte dimittere,
id. Tusc. 1, 6, 12:et honore et auctoritate et fortunis facile civitatis suae princeps,
id. Rep. 2, 19:fortunis sociorum consumptis,
Caes. B. G. 1, 11 fin.:fortunarum pericula,
Quint. 4, 2, 122.—Sing.:quo mihi fortuna, si non conceditur uti?
Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 12:nec mea concessa est aliis fortuna,
Ov. Tr. 5, 2, 57:adiri nomen invidiosae fortunae Caesaris,
Vell. 2, 60, 1 Ruhnk.:de fortuna, qua uterque abundabat,
Quint. 6, 1, 50:fortunam in nominibus habere,
Dig. 4, 7, 40 fin. -
12 ā
ā (before consonants), ab (before vowels, h, and some consonants, esp. l, n, r, s), abs (usu. only before t and q, esp. freq. before the pron. te), old af, praep. with abl., denoting separation or departure (opp. ad). I. Lit., in space, from, away from, out of. A. With motion: ab urbe proficisci, Cs.: a supero mari Flaminia (est via), leads: Nunc quidem paululum, inquit, a sole, a little out of the sun: usque a mari supero Romam proficisci, all the way from; with names of cities and small islands, or with domo, home (for the simple abl; of motion, away from, not out of, a place); hence, of raising a siege, of the march of soldiers, the setting out of a fleet, etc.: oppidum ab Aeneā fugiente a Troiā conditum: ab Alesiā, Cs.: profectus ab Orico cum classe, Cs.; with names of persons or with pronouns: cum a vobis discessero: videat forte hic te a patre aliquis exiens, i. e. from his house, T.; (praegn.): a rege munera repudiare, from, sent by, N.— B. Without motion. 1. Of separation or distance: abesse a domo paulisper maluit: tum Brutus ab Romā aberat, S.: hic locus aequo fere spatio ab castris Ariovisti et Caesaris aberat, Cs.: a foro longe abesse: procul a castris hostes in collibus constiterunt, Cs.: cum esset bellum tam prope a Siciliā; so with numerals to express distance: ex eo loco ab milibus passuum octo, eight miles distant, Cs.: ab milibus passuum minus duobus castra posuerunt, less than two miles off, Cs.; so rarely with substantives: quod tanta machinatio ab tanto spatio instrueretur, so far away, Cs.— 2. To denote a side or direction, etc., at, on, in: ab sinistrā parte nudatis castris, on the left, Cs.: ab eā parte, quā, etc., on that side, S.: Gallia Celtica attingit ab Sequanis flumen Rhenum, on the side of the Sequani, i. e. their country, Cs.: ab decumanā portā castra munita, at the main entrance, Cs.: crepuit hinc a Glycerio ostium, of the house of G., T.: (cornua) ab labris argento circumcludunt, on the edges, Cs.; hence, a fronte, in the van; a latere, on the flank; a tergo, in the rear, behind; a dextro cornu, on the right wing; a medio spatio, half way.— II. Fig. A. Of time. 1. Of a point of time, after: Caesar ab decimae legionis cohortatione ad dextrum cornu profectus, immediately after, Cs.: ab eo magistratu, after this office, S.: recens a volnere Dido, fresh from her wound, V.: in Italiam perventum est quinto mense a Carthagine, i. e. after leaving, L.: ab his, i. e. after these words, hereupon, O.: ab simili <*>ade domo profugus, i. e. after and in consequence of, L.— 2. Of a period of time, from, since, after: ab hora tertiā bibebatur, from the third hour: ab Sullā et Pompeio consulibus, since the consulship of: ab incenso Capitolio illum esse vigesumum annum, since, S.: augures omnes usque ab Romulo, since the time of: iam inde ab infelici pugnā ceciderant animi, from (and in consequence of), L.; hence, ab initio, a principio, a primo, at, in, or from the beginning, at first: ab integro, anew, afresh: ab... ad, from (a time)... to: cum ab horā septimā ad vesperum pugnatum sit, Cs.; with nouns or adjectives denoting a time of life: iam inde a pueritiā, T.: a pueritiā: a pueris: iam inde ab incunabulis, L.: a parvo, from a little child, or childhood, L.: ab parvulis, Cs.— B. In other relations. 1. To denote separation, deterring, intermitting, distinction, difference, etc., from: quo discessum animi a corpore putent esse mortem: propius abesse ab ortu: alter ab illo, next after him, V.: Aiax, heros ab Achille secundus, next in rank to, H.: impotentia animi a temperantiā dissidens: alieno a te animo fuit, estranged; so with adjj. denoting free, strange, pure, etc.: res familiaris casta a cruore civili: purum ab humano cultu solum, L.: (opoidum) vacuum ab defensoribus, Cs.: alqm pudicum servare ab omni facto, etc., II.; with substt.: impunitas ab iudicio: ab armis quies dabatur, L.; or verbs: haec a custodiis loca vacabant, Cs.— 2. To denote the agent, by: qui (Mars) saepe spoliantem iam evertit et perculit ab abiecto, by the agency of: Laudari me abs te, a laudato viro: si quid ei a Caesare gravius accidisset, at Caesar's hands, Cs.: vetus umor ab igne percaluit solis, under, O.: a populo P. imperia perferre, Cs.: equo lassus ab indomito, H.: volgo occidebantur: per quos et a quibus? by whose hands and upon whose orders? factus ab arte decor, artificial, O.: destitutus ab spe, L.; (for the sake of the metre): correptus ab ignibus, O.; (poet. with abl. of means or instr.): intumuit venter ab undā, O.—Ab with abl. of agent for the dat., to avoid ambiguity, or for emphasis: quibus (civibus) est a vobis consulendum: te a me nostrae consuetudinis monendum esse puto.— 3. To denote source, origin, extraction, from, of: Turnus ab Ariciā, L.: si ego me a M. Tullio esse dicerem: oriundi ab Sabinis, L.: dulces a fontibus undae, V.—With verbs of expecting, fearing, hoping (cf. a parte), from, on the part of: a quo quidem genere, iudices, ego numquam timui: nec ab Romanis vobis ulla est spes, you can expect nothing from the Romans, L.; (ellipt.): haec a servorum bello pericula, threatened by: quem metus a praetore Romano stimulabat, fear of what the praetor might do, L.—With verbs of paying, etc., solvere, persolvere, dare (pecuniam) ab aliquo, to pay through, by a draft on, etc.: se praetor dedit, a quaestore numeravit, quaestor a mensā publicā, by an order on the quaestor: ei legat pecuniam a filio, to be paid by his son: scribe decem (milia) a Nerio, pay by a draft on Nerius, H.; cognoscere ab aliquā re, to know or learn by means of something (but ab aliquo, from some one): id se a Gallicis armis atque insignibus cognovisse, Cs.; in giving an etymology: id ab re... interregnum appellatum, L.—Rarely with verbs of beginning and repeating: coepere a fame mala, L.: a se suisque orsus, Ta.— 4. With verbs of freeing from, defending, protecting, from, against: ut a proeliis quietem habuerant, L.: provincia a calamitate est defendenda: sustinere se a lapsu, L.— 5. With verbs and adjectives, to define the respect in which, in relation to, with regard to, in respect to, on the part of: orba ab optimatibus contio: mons vastus ab naturā et humano cultu, S.: ne ab re sint omissiores, too neglectful of money or property, T.: posse a facundiā, in the matter of eloquence, T.; cf. with laborare, for the simple abl, in, for want of: laborare ab re frumentariā, Cs.— 6. In stating a motive, from, out of, on account of, in consequence of: patres ab honore appellati, L.: inops tum urbs ab longinquā obsidione, L.— 7. Indicating a part of the whole, of, out of: scuto ab novissimis uni militi detracto, Cs.: a quibus (captivis) ad Senatum missus (Regulus).— 8. Marking that to which anything belongs: qui sunt ab eā disciplinā: nostri illi a Platone et Aristotele aiunt.— 9. Of a side or party: vide ne hoc totum sit a me, makes for my view: vir ab innocentiā clementissimus, in favor of.—10. In late prose, of an office: ab epistulis, a secretary, Ta. Note. Ab is not repeated with a following pron interrog. or relat.: Arsinoën, Stratum, Naupactum... fateris ab hostibus esse captas. Quibus autem hostibus? Nempe iis, quos, etc. It is often separated from the word which it governs: a nullius umquam me tempore aut commodo: a minus bono, S.: a satis miti principio, L.—The poets join a and que, making āque; but in good prose que is annexed to the following abl. (a meque, abs teque, etc.): aque Chao, V.: aque mero, O.—In composition, ab- stands before vowels, and h, b, d, i consonant, l, n, r, s; abs- before c, q, t; b is dropped, leaving as- before p; ā- is found in āfuī, āfore ( inf fut. of absum); and au- in auferō, aufugiō.* * *IAh!; (distress/regret/pity, appeal/entreaty, surprise/joy, objection/contempt)IIby (agent), from (departure, cause, remote origin/time); after (reference)IIIante, abb. a.in calendar expression a. d. = ante diem -- before the day
-
13 timeō
timeō uī, —, ēre [2 TEM-], to fear, be afraid, be fearful, be apprehensive, be afraid of, dread, apprehend: timentibus ceteris propter ignorationem locorum: timentes confirmat, Cs.: cottidie aliquid fit lenius quam timebamus: de re p. valde: a quo quidem genere ego numquam timui: pro eo, Cu.: timuere dei pro vindice terrae, O.: tibi timui, for you, T.: sibi, Cs.: nihil magis quam perfidiam timemus: quos aliquamdiu inermes timuissent, Cs.: nomen absentis, Cs.: numinis iram, O.: Peius leto flagitium, H.: furem Caulibus, a thief for his cabbages, Iu.: de suo ac legionis periculo nihil, Cs.: quod pro quoque timendum, aut a quoque petendum sit: timeo quidnam eloqui possim: misera timeo, ‘incertum’ hoc quorsum accidat, T.: haec quo sint eruptura: tantae magnitudinis flumini exercitum obicere, etc., Cs.: inventis uti, H.: latebras intrare, O.: ni cedenti instaturum alterum timuissent, L.: neque timerent, ne circumvenirentur, Cs.: timuit, ne non succederet, H.: timeo, ut sustineas, I am afraid you cannot stand it: ut satis commode supportari posset (res frumentaria), timere dicebant, Cs.— To show fear, express terror (poet.): timuit exterrita pennis Ales, expressed its fear, i. e. fluttered, V.* * *timere, timui, - Vfear, dread, be afraid (ne + SUB = lest; ut or ne non + SUB = that... not) -
14 desino
dē-sĭno, sĭi (rarely īvi, Sol. 35, 4, v. Neue, Form. II. 404; also, sync. perf.:I.desit,
Mart. 6, 26, 3:desisse,
Cic. Fam. 9, 24, 2; Suet. Ner. 33; 46; Gell. 15, 16, 2:desissem, Catull. 36, 5 al.: DESI, dissyl.,
Inscr. Orell. 71), sĭtum, 3, v. a. and n.—Prop., to put or set down; hence, to leave off, give over, cease, desist (opp. coepi, the construction of which it for the most part follows; cf. for syn.: cesso, cunctor, tergiversor, defugio, haesito, moror, tardor; desisto, omitto, intermitto, praetermitto, praetereo, etc.).Act.(α).With inf. act.:(β).illud jam mirari desino,
Cic. de Or. 2, 14, 59:te uti teste,
id. Rep. 1, 39:commemorare eos,
id. ib. 1, 1:amare,
Plaut. Bac. 1, 1, 67:lacessere,
Ter. Eun. prol. 16:maledicere,
id. And. prol. 22: de compositione loqui, *Caes. B. C. 3, 19 fin. et saep.—Less freq.,with inf. pass.:(γ).ubi ipsi Desierunt vorti,
Lucr. 4, 403:moveri,
Cic. Rep. 6, 25:fieri,
id. Att. 1, 19, 9:cerni,
Quint. 8, 5, 29:quaeri ab eo,
id. 11, 3, 6:inquiri,
Ov. M. 6, 616 al. —With acc. (mostly poet.):B.artem,
Cic. Fam. 7, 1, 4; Suet. Tib. 36; Gell. 15, 16, 2:seditionem,
id. 2, 12, 3:versus,
Verg. E. 8, 61; cf.plura,
id. ib. 5, 19;9, 66: Titania bella,
Sil. 12, 725: lugubres voces, Ap. Mag. 5, p.170 al.—Pass. (usually in the tempp. perff.):II.veteres orationes a plerisque legi sunt desitae,
Cic. Brut. 32, 123; cf. id. Off. 2, 8, 27; and:Persei numquam desitum celebrari nomen,
Liv. 42, 49:censores creari desitos,
Suet. Aug. 37:sermone abhinc multis annis jam desito,
Gell. 1, 10, 2:nectier postea desitum,
Cic. Rep. 2, 34; cf. id. Fin. 2, 13, 43: coeptum per eos qui volebant, desitum est per hunc, qui decessit, id. Cornel. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 809 P.— In the pres.:tunc bene desinitur,
Ov. A. A. 1, 411.—Neutr., to cease, stop, end, close (not freq. till after the Aug. period).A.In gen.:' omne bellum sumi facile, ceterum aegerrume desinere, Sall. J. 83, 2:A.ferrea primum desinet gens,
Verg. E. 4, 9:desierant imbres,
Ov. M. 5, 285:desinat ira,
id. H. 3, 89:cetera, fragilia et caduca occidunt desinuntque,
perish, Plin. Ep. 2, 10, 4 et saep.:cauda desinit in piscem,
Ov. M. 4, 727; cf. Hor. A. P. 4; Verg. A. 10, 211; Sen. Ep. 92, 10; 24, 26: Plin. 8, 33, 51, § 121:(gemma) ad vini colorem accedens, prius quam eum degustet, in viola desinit fulgor,
Plin. 37, 9, 40, § 121:Pyrenaeus desinens,
i. e. their extreme end, Flor. 4, 12, 46.—With abl. and in:B.in quo desinimus,
Ov. M. 8, 597; or abl. alone:desine quaeso communibus locis,
Cic. Ac. 2, 25, 80.—With gen., poet. (like the Gr. pauein and lêgein):querelarum,
Hor. Od. 2, 9, 17:irae,
Sil. 10, 84.— Absol.: Mi. Ah! pergisne? De. Jam jam desino, Ter. Ad. 5, 3, 67:ut incipiendi (sc. sermonem) ratio fuerit, ita sit desinendi modus,
Cic. Off. 1, 37 fin.;so opp. incipere,
Quint. 9, 2, 19; 11, 3, 35:quo ex genere coeperis translationes, hoc desinas,
id. 8, 6, 50: cantasse eum publice Oedipodem exsulem atque in hoc desisse versu: Thanein m anôige, etc., Suet. Ner. 46 fin.:a praeceptis incipio, desino in exemplis,
Sen. Cons. ad Marc. 2, 1.—In colloq. lang. desine sometimes like the Gr. paue (cf. Lidd. and Scott, under pauô, no. II.), leave off! give over! stop! be still! etc.: Ba. Heu, heu, heu! Ps. Desine, Plaut. Ps. 5, 2, 51; so Ter. And. 5, 6, 8; id. Eun. 2, 3, 56 al. —Esp., in rhetor., of the close of a period, to end, close:illa, quae similiter desinunt, etc.,
Cic. de Or. 3, 54; cf. Quint. 9, 3, 79; 9, 4, 42 et saep.; cf. cado, no. II. -
15 imprimo
imprĭmo ( inpr-), pressi, pressum, 3, v. a. [in-premo], to press into or upon, to stick, stamp, or dig into, to impress, imprint (class.).I.Lit.:B.si in ejusmodi cera centum sigilla hoc anulo impressero,
Cic. Ac. 2, 26, 86:locus ubi vestigium impresserit,
id. Caecin. 27, 76; id. Phil. 13, 15, 30:sus rostro si humi A litteram impresserit,
id. Div. 1, 13, 23:ne imprimatur jacentibus molibus solum,
Col. 3, 13, 1: imprimitque genae genam, Enn. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 6, 686 (Trag. v. 436):os cucurbitulae corpori,
Cels. 2, 11:signa tabellis,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 38:impressit dente labris notam,
id. C. 1, 13, 12; cf.:dentes alicui,
Luc. 9, 806:muris aratrum,
Hor. C. 1, 16, 20:stigmata captivorum frontibus,
Petr. 105:(Dido) os impressa toro,
Verg. A. 4, 659:impressa orbita,
Cic. Att. 2, 21, 2:sulcus altius impressus,
id. Div. 2, 23, 50:monimenta impressa saxis,
Tac. A. 11, 14:puteum,
i. e. to sink, dig, Pall. 1, 34:nudo ecce jugulum, convertite huc manus, imprimite mucrones,
Petr. 80:dentem,
Tib. 1, 6, 14; cf.:morsum,
i. e. to bite, Col. 6, 17, 33; Plin. 8, 25, 37, § 89:vulnus,
i. e. to make, Col. 7, 11, 2:basia,
Mart. 10, 42, 5:staminaque impresso fatalia pollice nentes,
pressed upon, Ov. M. 8, 453; cf.:impressoque genu nitens,
Verg. A. 12, 303:humidaque impressa siccabat lumina lana,
Prop. 3, 6 (4, 5), 17:exempta scutula cortici, imprimitur ex alia cortex par,
Plin. 17, 16, 26, § 118. —Transf.: aliquid (aliqua re), to press in, give an impression to a thing, to engrave, stamp, mark: an imprimi quasi ceram animum putamus? Cic. Tusc. 1, 25, 61:II.hoc munus habebis, Cratera impressum signis,
Verg. A. 5, 536; cf.:impressas auro quas gesserat olim Exuvias,
i. e. embroidered, Luc. 9, 176:non levior cippus nunc imprimit ossa?
Pers. 1, 37:transtra per et remos impressaque terga virorum,
pressed down, bended, Stat. Th. 5, 403.—Trop., to impress, engrave, stamp, mark:B.quod in omnium animis eorum notionem impressisset ipsa natura,
Cic. N. D. 1, 16, 43; cf.:visa in animis,
id. Ac. 2, 18, 58:quaeque in animis imprimuntur incohatae intellegentiae, similiter in omnibus imprimuntur,
id. Leg. 1, 10, 30; id. Fat. 19, 43:verum illud quidem impressum in animo atque mente,
id. Ac. 2, 11, 34:nisi omnes ii motus in ipso oratore impressi esse atque inusti videbuntur,
id. de Or. 2, 45, 189:quo e genere nobis notitiae rerum imprimuntur,
id. Ac. 2, 7, 21:in quibus (curriculis) Platonis primum sunt impressa vestigia,
id. Or. 3, 12; cf.:(memoria) constat ex notis litterarum, et ex eo, in quo imprimuntur illae notae,
id. Part. Or. 7, 26:menti impressa,
id. ib. 2, 11, 34:quaedam vestigia animo,
Quint. 11, 2, 4:memoria publica recensionis tabulis publicis impressa,
Cic. Mil. 27, 73:impressa animo rudi memoria,
Quint. 1, 1, 36:quorum lectione duplex imprimeretur rei publicae dedecus,
Cic. Phil. 5, 6, 16:cum fortitudinis, tum vero humanitatis... impressa vestigia,
id. Balb. 5, 13.—Transf. (acc. to I. B.), to stamp, mark:1.horum flagitiorum iste vestigiis omnia municipia, praefecturas... impressit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 24, 58; id. Fam. 5, 20, 5.—Hence, impressē, adv., strongly, forcibly, impressively (postclass.).Lit.:2.dehinc rursus defricandus tenacius quidem, sed non impressius,
Cael. Aur. Tard. 3, 7, 87. —Trop.:alte et impresse recogitare,
Tert. Exhort. Cast. 3:ut impressius dixerim,
id. Car. Christ. 12. -
16 inprimo
imprĭmo ( inpr-), pressi, pressum, 3, v. a. [in-premo], to press into or upon, to stick, stamp, or dig into, to impress, imprint (class.).I.Lit.:B.si in ejusmodi cera centum sigilla hoc anulo impressero,
Cic. Ac. 2, 26, 86:locus ubi vestigium impresserit,
id. Caecin. 27, 76; id. Phil. 13, 15, 30:sus rostro si humi A litteram impresserit,
id. Div. 1, 13, 23:ne imprimatur jacentibus molibus solum,
Col. 3, 13, 1: imprimitque genae genam, Enn. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 6, 686 (Trag. v. 436):os cucurbitulae corpori,
Cels. 2, 11:signa tabellis,
Hor. S. 2, 6, 38:impressit dente labris notam,
id. C. 1, 13, 12; cf.:dentes alicui,
Luc. 9, 806:muris aratrum,
Hor. C. 1, 16, 20:stigmata captivorum frontibus,
Petr. 105:(Dido) os impressa toro,
Verg. A. 4, 659:impressa orbita,
Cic. Att. 2, 21, 2:sulcus altius impressus,
id. Div. 2, 23, 50:monimenta impressa saxis,
Tac. A. 11, 14:puteum,
i. e. to sink, dig, Pall. 1, 34:nudo ecce jugulum, convertite huc manus, imprimite mucrones,
Petr. 80:dentem,
Tib. 1, 6, 14; cf.:morsum,
i. e. to bite, Col. 6, 17, 33; Plin. 8, 25, 37, § 89:vulnus,
i. e. to make, Col. 7, 11, 2:basia,
Mart. 10, 42, 5:staminaque impresso fatalia pollice nentes,
pressed upon, Ov. M. 8, 453; cf.:impressoque genu nitens,
Verg. A. 12, 303:humidaque impressa siccabat lumina lana,
Prop. 3, 6 (4, 5), 17:exempta scutula cortici, imprimitur ex alia cortex par,
Plin. 17, 16, 26, § 118. —Transf.: aliquid (aliqua re), to press in, give an impression to a thing, to engrave, stamp, mark: an imprimi quasi ceram animum putamus? Cic. Tusc. 1, 25, 61:II.hoc munus habebis, Cratera impressum signis,
Verg. A. 5, 536; cf.:impressas auro quas gesserat olim Exuvias,
i. e. embroidered, Luc. 9, 176:non levior cippus nunc imprimit ossa?
Pers. 1, 37:transtra per et remos impressaque terga virorum,
pressed down, bended, Stat. Th. 5, 403.—Trop., to impress, engrave, stamp, mark:B.quod in omnium animis eorum notionem impressisset ipsa natura,
Cic. N. D. 1, 16, 43; cf.:visa in animis,
id. Ac. 2, 18, 58:quaeque in animis imprimuntur incohatae intellegentiae, similiter in omnibus imprimuntur,
id. Leg. 1, 10, 30; id. Fat. 19, 43:verum illud quidem impressum in animo atque mente,
id. Ac. 2, 11, 34:nisi omnes ii motus in ipso oratore impressi esse atque inusti videbuntur,
id. de Or. 2, 45, 189:quo e genere nobis notitiae rerum imprimuntur,
id. Ac. 2, 7, 21:in quibus (curriculis) Platonis primum sunt impressa vestigia,
id. Or. 3, 12; cf.:(memoria) constat ex notis litterarum, et ex eo, in quo imprimuntur illae notae,
id. Part. Or. 7, 26:menti impressa,
id. ib. 2, 11, 34:quaedam vestigia animo,
Quint. 11, 2, 4:memoria publica recensionis tabulis publicis impressa,
Cic. Mil. 27, 73:impressa animo rudi memoria,
Quint. 1, 1, 36:quorum lectione duplex imprimeretur rei publicae dedecus,
Cic. Phil. 5, 6, 16:cum fortitudinis, tum vero humanitatis... impressa vestigia,
id. Balb. 5, 13.—Transf. (acc. to I. B.), to stamp, mark:1.horum flagitiorum iste vestigiis omnia municipia, praefecturas... impressit,
Cic. Phil. 2, 24, 58; id. Fam. 5, 20, 5.—Hence, impressē, adv., strongly, forcibly, impressively (postclass.).Lit.:2.dehinc rursus defricandus tenacius quidem, sed non impressius,
Cael. Aur. Tard. 3, 7, 87. —Trop.:alte et impresse recogitare,
Tert. Exhort. Cast. 3:ut impressius dixerim,
id. Car. Christ. 12. -
17 licet
lĭcet, cŭit and cĭtum est, 2 (old form, licessit for licuerit, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 13; imp. liceto, Lex ap. Inscr. Grut. 202, 508 al.), v. n. and impers. [root lic-; Gr. lip-; v. 1. liceo], it is lawful, it is allowed or permitted; one may or can, one is at liberty to do so and so; constr. with neutr. of the demonstr. or rel. pron., with inf. or a subject-clause, with or without a dat., or dat. and inf., with ut or (more freq.) with the simple subj., or entirely absol.(α).With neutr. of the demonstr. or rel. pron. as a subject, with or without a dat.:(β).licere id dicimus, quod legibus, quod more majorum institutisque conceditur. Neque enim quod quisque potest, id ei licet,
Cic. Phil. 13, 6, 14:cui facile persuasi, mihi id, quod rogaret, ne licere quidem, non modo non lubere,
id. Att. 14, 19, 4:quid deceat vos, non quantum liceat vobis, spectare debetis,
id. Rab. Post. 5, 11; cf.:si hominibus tantum licere judicas, quantum possunt: vide, ne, etc.,
id. Phil. 13, 7, 15:si illud non licet, Saltem hoc licebit,
Ter. Eun. 4, 2, 12: neque idem ubique aut licet aut decorum est, Quint. 5, 10, 40:quod in foro non expedit, illic nec liceat,
id. 9, 2, 67:sin et poterit Naevius id quod lubet et ei lubebit, quod non licet, quid agendum est?
Cic. Quint. 30, 94:nihil, quod per leges liceret,
id. Mil. 16, 43:cui tantum de te licuit?
Verg. A. 6, 502; Anthol. Lat. 1, 172, 150:cui tantum fata licere In generum voluere tuum,
Luc. 9, 1025; cf.:tantumque licere horruit,
Sil. 14, 670.—Rarely in plur.:cum in servum omnia liceant, est, etc.,
Sen. Clem. 1, 18, 2.—With inf. or a subject-clause, with or without a dat.: neque terram inicere, neque cruenta Convestire corpora mihi licuit, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2 (Trag. v. 168 Vahl.):(γ).licet nemini contra patriam ducere exercitum,
Cic. Phil. 13, 6, 14:ut tibi id facere liceat,
id. Rep. 1, 6, 10:M. Catoni licuit Tusculi se in otio delectare,
id. ib. 1, 1, 1:sceleris crimine liceat Cn. Pompeio mortuo, liceat multis aliis carere,
id. Lig. 6, 18; Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 3; Cic. Att. 2, 1, 5:quaerere, qui licuerit aedificare navem senatori,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 18, § 45:meamet facta mihi dicere licet,
Sall. J. 85, 24.—Without a dat.:introire in aedes numquam licitum est,
Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 70:impune optare istuc licet,
Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 14:modo liceat vivere,
id. Heaut. 5, 2, 28:licetne scire ex te?
id. Hec. 5, 4, 33:hic subitam rerum commutationem videre licuit,
Caes. B. C. 3, 27, 1; 3, 96, 4:si facere omnino non licebit,
Cic. Phil. 13, 6, 14:licet ora ipsa cernere iratorum,
id. Off. 1, 29, 102; cf. id. Div. 1, 41, 91:licet hoc videre,
id. de Or. 3, 25, 99; id. Div. 1, 7, 13; id. Inv. 1, 15, 21; 2, 23, 71; 2, 9, 29:veretur ne non liceat tenere hereditatem,
id. Att. 13, 48, 1:licetne extra ordinem in provocantem hostem pugnare?
Liv. 23, 47, 1:poscere ut perculsis instare liceat,
id. 2, 65, 2. —With inf. pass. (cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 660 sq.):intellegi jam licet, nullum fore imperium,
Cic. Rep. 1, 38, 60:idque e pontificio jure intellegi licet,
id. Tusc. 1, 12, 27; cf.:his cognosci licuit, quantum, etc.,
Caes. B. C. 3, 28; Cic. Off. 1, 7, 20:evocari ex insula Cyprios non licet,
id. Att. 5, 21, 6:in senatu dici nihil liceat,
id. ib. 3, 12, 1:coöptari sacerdotem licebat,
id. Fam. 3, 10, 9:in eum ordinem coöptari licet,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 49, § 120:id primum in poëtis cerni licet,
id. de Or. 3, 7, 27; id. Ac. 1, 4, 17.—The noun of the subject-clause is regularly in the acc.:licet me id scire quid sit?
Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 14:non licet hominem esse, etc.,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 53:si licet me latere,
id. ib. 4, 2, 5:hocine me miserum non licere meo modo ingenium frui!
id. ib. 2, 4, 21; cf.:eodem ut jure uti senem Liceat, id. Hec. prol. alt. 3: non licet me isto tanto bono uti,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 59, § 154:cum non liceret Romae quemquam esse, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 2, 41, §100: ex eis locis, in quibus te habere nihil licet,
id. ib. 2, 5, 18, §45: quare licet etiam mortalem esse animum judicantem aeterna moliri,
id. Tusc. 1, 38, 91:cur his per te frui libertate sua, cur denique esse liberos non licet?
id. Fl. 29, 71 B. and K. (al. liberis; v. infra).—So with esse:liceat esse miseros,
Cic. Lig. 6, 18; cf.:medios esse jam non licebit,
id. Att. 10, 8, 4; id. Tusc. 5, 15, 44; 1, 38, 91 Klotz N. cr.; also with fieri:ut eum liceat ante tempus consulem fieri,
Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2:ut jam liceat una comprehensione omnia complecti non dubitantemque dicere, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 5, 9, 26:haec praescripta servantem licet magnifice vivere,
id. Off. 1, 26, 92:licet tamen opera prodesse multis, beneficia petentem, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 19, 67.—So with acc. with a subject-inf., esse or fieri, even when licet is accompanied by the dat.:si civi Romano licet esse Gaditanum,
Cic. Balb. 12, 29:potest incidere quaestio, An huic esse procuratorem liceat?
Quint. 7, 1, 19:procuratorem tibi esse non licuit,
id. 4, 4, 6 Zumpt N. cr.:mihi non licet esse piam,
Ov. H. 14, 64: is erat annus, quo per leges ei consulem fieri liceret Caes. B. C. 3, 1 Oud. N. cr. —But more freq., in this case, there is an attraction of the predicate-noun to the dative dependent on licet.—Hence,Licet alicui with inf., esp. with esse:(δ).per hanc tibi cenam incenato esse hodie licet,
Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 31:per hanc curam quieto tibi licet esse,
id. Ep. 3, 2, 2:licuit esse otioso Themistocli,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 33; cf.:ut tibi abesse liceat, et esse otioso,
id. Att. 9, 2, A, 1: quare [p. 1063] judici mihi non esse liceat, id. Rab. Post. 7, 17:ut iis ingratis esse non liceat,
id. Off. 2, 18, 63:quo in genere mihi neglegenti esse non licet,
id. Att. 1, 17, 6:cur iis per te frui libertate sua, cur denique esse liberis non licet?
id. Fl. 29, 71 (B. and K. liberos; v. supra):quibus otiosis ne in communi quidem otio liceat esse,
id. Cael. 1, 1:quibus licet jam esse fortunatissimis,
Caes. B. G. 6, 35, 8:illis timidis et ignavis licet esse,
Liv. 21, 44, 3.—With other verbs than esse:ut sibi per te liceat innocenti vitam in egestate degere,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 49, 144:cum postulasset... ut sibi triumphanti urbem invehi liceret,
Liv. 38, 44 fin. —Very rarely, in this construction, the dative with licet is wanting, and is to be supplied from the connection: atqui licet esse beatis (sc. iis),
Hor. S. 1, 1, 19:licet eminus esse Fortibus,
Ov. M. 8, 405:Hannibal precatur deos ut incolumi cedere atque abire liceat,
Liv. 26, 41, 16:sibi vitam filiae suā cariorem fuisse, si liberae ac pudicae vivere licitum fuisset,
id. 3, 50, 6. Cf. on this and the preced. construction, Krüger, Untersuchungen, vol. iii. p. 359 sq.; Ruddim. 2, p. 15; Zumpt, Gram. § 601; Madv. Gram. § 393, c. and obs. 1.—With ut, and more freq. with the simple subj.:(ε).neque jam mihi licet neque est integrum, ut, etc.,
Cic. Mur. 4, 8:facto nunc laedat licet,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 53:mea quidem causa salvos sis licet,
id. Rud. 1, 2, 51:ludas licet,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 33:fremant omnes licet,
Cic. de Or. 1, 44, 195:sed omnia licet concurrant,
id. Att. 14, 4, 2:ex qua licet pauca degustes,
id. ib. 1, 16, 8:vel ipsi hoc dicas licet,
id. ib. 5, 1, 4:quamvis licet insectemur istos, metuo ne soli philosophi sint,
id. Tusc. 4, 24, 53; cf. id. Leg. 3, 10, 24; id. N. D. 3, 36, 88:sequatur Hermagoram licebit,
id. Inv. 1, 51, 97; id. Rosc. Am. 17, 49:sis pecore et multa dives tellure licebit,
Hor. Epod. 15, 19:detrahat auctori multum fortuna licebit,
Ov. Tr. 5, 14, 3; Verg. A. 6, 400. Cf. also under II. a.—As a v. impers. absol., with or without dat.:II.immo, aliis si licet, tibi non licet,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 15, 49:cum licitum est ei,
id. And. 2, 6, 12:nec crederem mihi impunius Licere,
id. Heaut. 3, 2, 50:quod profecto faciam, si mihi per ejusdem amicitiam licebit,
Cic. Fam. 1, 8, 3: Ph. Sed quaeso, hominem ut jubeas arcessi. He. Licet, that may be or may be done, I have no objection, Plaut. Capt. 5, 1, 29:si per vos licet,
id. As. prol. 12:id quod postea, si per vos, judices, licitum erit, aperietur,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 44, 127:dum per aetatem licet,
Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 28:fruare, dum licet,
id. Heaut. 2, 3, 104; cf.:dum licet, loquimini mecum,
id. Phorm. 3, 3, 16:sic ut quimus, aiunt, quando, ut volumus, non licet,
id. And. 4, 5, 10:ut id, quoad posset, quod fas esset, quoad liceret, populi ad partes daret,
Cic. Agr. 2, 7, 19.Transf. When licet introduces a subordinate proposition, which makes a concession, without abandoning the main proposition, it is used as a conjunction corresponding to quamvis, quamquam, etsi. In late Latin it is, like these, connected with the indicative, and in the class. per. it is not unfreq. opposed to tamen and certe in the main proposition; even if, although, notwithstanding.A.With subj. (class.):B.quoniam quidem semel suscepi, licet hercules undique omnes mihi minae et terrores periculaque impendeant omnia, succurram atque subibo,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 11, 31:improbitas, licet adversario molesta sit, judici invisa est,
Quint. 6, 4, 15: in comoedia maxime claudamus: licet Varro Musas Plautino dicat sermone locuturas fuisse, si Latine loqui vellent;licet, etc.,
id. 10, 1, 99:vita brevis est, licet supra mille annos exeat,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 6:licet ingens janitor... exsanguis terreat umbras,
Verg. A. 6, 400. —With part. for subj.:isque, licet caeli regione remotos, mente deos adiit,
Ov. M. 15, 62.—With a corresp. tamen:licet laudem Fortunam, tamen, ut ne Salutem culpem,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 28:licet saepius tibi hujus generis litteras mittam... sed tamen, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 13, 27, 1:licet tibi significarim, ut ad me venires, tamen, etc.,
id. Att. 3, 12, 3; Quint. 2, 2, 8; 8, 3, 69:licet ergo non sint confirmati testamento, a me tamen, ut confirmati, observabuntur,
Plin. Ep. 2, 16, 3; Quint. 7 praef. § 2: constet illi licet fides et benevolentia, tranquillitas tamen, etc., Sen. Tranq. Anim. 7, 6.—With ellips. of subj.:immatura licet, tamen huc non noxia veni (sc. venias),
Prop. 5, 11, 17.—With a corresp. certe:licet enim haec quivis arbitratu suo reprehendat... certe levior reprehensio est,
Cic. Ac. 2, 32, 102.—With indic. (post-class.):C.licet inter gesta et facta videtur quaedam esse subtilis differentia, attamen, etc.,
Dig. 50, 16, 58; 2, 15, 8, § 25:licet directae libertates deficiunt, attamen, etc.,
ib. 29, 7, 2: obduxi licet arma, sum Priapus, Poëta ap. Anth. Lat. 5, 218; Macr. S. 1, 11; App. M. 2, p. 117, 25.—As an adv. with adj. or part., although (post-class.):1.licet contumacissimum, tamen efficacissimum, etc.,
Sen. Cons. ad Marc. 8, 1:miles, licet membris vigentibus firmus, se solum circumspicit,
Amm. 14, 10, 12; 17, 12, 11; Claud. Mam. Paneg. Max. 1.—Hence,lĭcens, entis, P. a., free, unrestrained, uncurbed, bold, forward, presumptuous, licentious.A.Of persons (only poet. and in post-class. prose):B.quam audaces et quam licentes sumus qui, etc.,
Gell. 15, 9, 4:unde licens Fabius sacra Lupercus habet,
Prop. 4, 1, 26:turba licens, Naides improbae,
Sen. Hippol. 777.—Of inanim. and abstr. things (once in Cic.; elsewh. only poet. and in post-Aug. prose):2.licentior dithyrambus,
Cic. de Or. 3, 48, 185:hic tibi multa licet sermone licentia tecto Dicere,
Ov. A. A. 1, 569:joci,
Stat. S. 1, 6, 93:licentior epistula, Plin. N. H. prooem. § 1: imperium,
Val. Max. 6, 4, 2:vita,
id. 9, 1, 3. —Hence, adv.: lĭcenter, freely, according to one's own pleasure or fancy; and, in a bad sense, without restraint, boldly, impudently, licentiously (class.):at quam licenter!
Cic. N. D. 1, 39, 109:ut ingredi libere, non ut licenter videatur errare,
id. Or. 23, 77:Graeci licenter multa,
Quint. 1, 8, 6:aliquid facere,
Liv. 26, 10.— Comp.:(servos) licentius, liberius, familiarius cum domina vivere,
Cic. Cael. 23, 57:Romanos, remoto metu, laxius licentiusque futuros,
more remiss in their discipline, Sall. J. 87 fin.:gerere res communes,
id. ib. 108:ausi aliquid,
Quint. 2, 4, 14:si quid licentius dixerint,
id. 1, 2, 7:translata,
id. 8, 3, 37; 12, 10, 50:Liberum et Cererem pro vino et pane licentius, quam ut fori severitas ferat,
id. 8, 6, 24; Tac. A. 6, 13.—lĭcĭtus, a, um, P. a., permitted, allowed, allowable, lawful ( poet. and post-Aug. for permissus, honestus):sermo,
Verg. A. 8, 468:torus,
Petr. 34, 8:acies,
Stat. Th. 11, 123:negotiatio,
Dig. 37, 14, 2:contractus,
ib. 50, 14, 3.—In plur. as subst.: lĭcĭta, ōrum, n., things that are lawful:ipse per licita atque illicita foedatus,
Tac. A. 15, 37.—Hence, adv., in two forms: lĭcĭtē and lĭcĭtō, rightfully, lawfully (post-class. for juste, honeste, legitime).—Form licite, Dig. 30, 114, § 5.—Form licito,
Sol. 11, 8; Cod. Th. 11, 8, 3. -
18 licita
lĭcet, cŭit and cĭtum est, 2 (old form, licessit for licuerit, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 13; imp. liceto, Lex ap. Inscr. Grut. 202, 508 al.), v. n. and impers. [root lic-; Gr. lip-; v. 1. liceo], it is lawful, it is allowed or permitted; one may or can, one is at liberty to do so and so; constr. with neutr. of the demonstr. or rel. pron., with inf. or a subject-clause, with or without a dat., or dat. and inf., with ut or (more freq.) with the simple subj., or entirely absol.(α).With neutr. of the demonstr. or rel. pron. as a subject, with or without a dat.:(β).licere id dicimus, quod legibus, quod more majorum institutisque conceditur. Neque enim quod quisque potest, id ei licet,
Cic. Phil. 13, 6, 14:cui facile persuasi, mihi id, quod rogaret, ne licere quidem, non modo non lubere,
id. Att. 14, 19, 4:quid deceat vos, non quantum liceat vobis, spectare debetis,
id. Rab. Post. 5, 11; cf.:si hominibus tantum licere judicas, quantum possunt: vide, ne, etc.,
id. Phil. 13, 7, 15:si illud non licet, Saltem hoc licebit,
Ter. Eun. 4, 2, 12: neque idem ubique aut licet aut decorum est, Quint. 5, 10, 40:quod in foro non expedit, illic nec liceat,
id. 9, 2, 67:sin et poterit Naevius id quod lubet et ei lubebit, quod non licet, quid agendum est?
Cic. Quint. 30, 94:nihil, quod per leges liceret,
id. Mil. 16, 43:cui tantum de te licuit?
Verg. A. 6, 502; Anthol. Lat. 1, 172, 150:cui tantum fata licere In generum voluere tuum,
Luc. 9, 1025; cf.:tantumque licere horruit,
Sil. 14, 670.—Rarely in plur.:cum in servum omnia liceant, est, etc.,
Sen. Clem. 1, 18, 2.—With inf. or a subject-clause, with or without a dat.: neque terram inicere, neque cruenta Convestire corpora mihi licuit, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2 (Trag. v. 168 Vahl.):(γ).licet nemini contra patriam ducere exercitum,
Cic. Phil. 13, 6, 14:ut tibi id facere liceat,
id. Rep. 1, 6, 10:M. Catoni licuit Tusculi se in otio delectare,
id. ib. 1, 1, 1:sceleris crimine liceat Cn. Pompeio mortuo, liceat multis aliis carere,
id. Lig. 6, 18; Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 3; Cic. Att. 2, 1, 5:quaerere, qui licuerit aedificare navem senatori,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 18, § 45:meamet facta mihi dicere licet,
Sall. J. 85, 24.—Without a dat.:introire in aedes numquam licitum est,
Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 70:impune optare istuc licet,
Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 14:modo liceat vivere,
id. Heaut. 5, 2, 28:licetne scire ex te?
id. Hec. 5, 4, 33:hic subitam rerum commutationem videre licuit,
Caes. B. C. 3, 27, 1; 3, 96, 4:si facere omnino non licebit,
Cic. Phil. 13, 6, 14:licet ora ipsa cernere iratorum,
id. Off. 1, 29, 102; cf. id. Div. 1, 41, 91:licet hoc videre,
id. de Or. 3, 25, 99; id. Div. 1, 7, 13; id. Inv. 1, 15, 21; 2, 23, 71; 2, 9, 29:veretur ne non liceat tenere hereditatem,
id. Att. 13, 48, 1:licetne extra ordinem in provocantem hostem pugnare?
Liv. 23, 47, 1:poscere ut perculsis instare liceat,
id. 2, 65, 2. —With inf. pass. (cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 660 sq.):intellegi jam licet, nullum fore imperium,
Cic. Rep. 1, 38, 60:idque e pontificio jure intellegi licet,
id. Tusc. 1, 12, 27; cf.:his cognosci licuit, quantum, etc.,
Caes. B. C. 3, 28; Cic. Off. 1, 7, 20:evocari ex insula Cyprios non licet,
id. Att. 5, 21, 6:in senatu dici nihil liceat,
id. ib. 3, 12, 1:coöptari sacerdotem licebat,
id. Fam. 3, 10, 9:in eum ordinem coöptari licet,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 49, § 120:id primum in poëtis cerni licet,
id. de Or. 3, 7, 27; id. Ac. 1, 4, 17.—The noun of the subject-clause is regularly in the acc.:licet me id scire quid sit?
Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 14:non licet hominem esse, etc.,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 53:si licet me latere,
id. ib. 4, 2, 5:hocine me miserum non licere meo modo ingenium frui!
id. ib. 2, 4, 21; cf.:eodem ut jure uti senem Liceat, id. Hec. prol. alt. 3: non licet me isto tanto bono uti,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 59, § 154:cum non liceret Romae quemquam esse, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 2, 41, §100: ex eis locis, in quibus te habere nihil licet,
id. ib. 2, 5, 18, §45: quare licet etiam mortalem esse animum judicantem aeterna moliri,
id. Tusc. 1, 38, 91:cur his per te frui libertate sua, cur denique esse liberos non licet?
id. Fl. 29, 71 B. and K. (al. liberis; v. infra).—So with esse:liceat esse miseros,
Cic. Lig. 6, 18; cf.:medios esse jam non licebit,
id. Att. 10, 8, 4; id. Tusc. 5, 15, 44; 1, 38, 91 Klotz N. cr.; also with fieri:ut eum liceat ante tempus consulem fieri,
Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2:ut jam liceat una comprehensione omnia complecti non dubitantemque dicere, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 5, 9, 26:haec praescripta servantem licet magnifice vivere,
id. Off. 1, 26, 92:licet tamen opera prodesse multis, beneficia petentem, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 19, 67.—So with acc. with a subject-inf., esse or fieri, even when licet is accompanied by the dat.:si civi Romano licet esse Gaditanum,
Cic. Balb. 12, 29:potest incidere quaestio, An huic esse procuratorem liceat?
Quint. 7, 1, 19:procuratorem tibi esse non licuit,
id. 4, 4, 6 Zumpt N. cr.:mihi non licet esse piam,
Ov. H. 14, 64: is erat annus, quo per leges ei consulem fieri liceret Caes. B. C. 3, 1 Oud. N. cr. —But more freq., in this case, there is an attraction of the predicate-noun to the dative dependent on licet.—Hence,Licet alicui with inf., esp. with esse:(δ).per hanc tibi cenam incenato esse hodie licet,
Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 31:per hanc curam quieto tibi licet esse,
id. Ep. 3, 2, 2:licuit esse otioso Themistocli,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 33; cf.:ut tibi abesse liceat, et esse otioso,
id. Att. 9, 2, A, 1: quare [p. 1063] judici mihi non esse liceat, id. Rab. Post. 7, 17:ut iis ingratis esse non liceat,
id. Off. 2, 18, 63:quo in genere mihi neglegenti esse non licet,
id. Att. 1, 17, 6:cur iis per te frui libertate sua, cur denique esse liberis non licet?
id. Fl. 29, 71 (B. and K. liberos; v. supra):quibus otiosis ne in communi quidem otio liceat esse,
id. Cael. 1, 1:quibus licet jam esse fortunatissimis,
Caes. B. G. 6, 35, 8:illis timidis et ignavis licet esse,
Liv. 21, 44, 3.—With other verbs than esse:ut sibi per te liceat innocenti vitam in egestate degere,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 49, 144:cum postulasset... ut sibi triumphanti urbem invehi liceret,
Liv. 38, 44 fin. —Very rarely, in this construction, the dative with licet is wanting, and is to be supplied from the connection: atqui licet esse beatis (sc. iis),
Hor. S. 1, 1, 19:licet eminus esse Fortibus,
Ov. M. 8, 405:Hannibal precatur deos ut incolumi cedere atque abire liceat,
Liv. 26, 41, 16:sibi vitam filiae suā cariorem fuisse, si liberae ac pudicae vivere licitum fuisset,
id. 3, 50, 6. Cf. on this and the preced. construction, Krüger, Untersuchungen, vol. iii. p. 359 sq.; Ruddim. 2, p. 15; Zumpt, Gram. § 601; Madv. Gram. § 393, c. and obs. 1.—With ut, and more freq. with the simple subj.:(ε).neque jam mihi licet neque est integrum, ut, etc.,
Cic. Mur. 4, 8:facto nunc laedat licet,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 53:mea quidem causa salvos sis licet,
id. Rud. 1, 2, 51:ludas licet,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 33:fremant omnes licet,
Cic. de Or. 1, 44, 195:sed omnia licet concurrant,
id. Att. 14, 4, 2:ex qua licet pauca degustes,
id. ib. 1, 16, 8:vel ipsi hoc dicas licet,
id. ib. 5, 1, 4:quamvis licet insectemur istos, metuo ne soli philosophi sint,
id. Tusc. 4, 24, 53; cf. id. Leg. 3, 10, 24; id. N. D. 3, 36, 88:sequatur Hermagoram licebit,
id. Inv. 1, 51, 97; id. Rosc. Am. 17, 49:sis pecore et multa dives tellure licebit,
Hor. Epod. 15, 19:detrahat auctori multum fortuna licebit,
Ov. Tr. 5, 14, 3; Verg. A. 6, 400. Cf. also under II. a.—As a v. impers. absol., with or without dat.:II.immo, aliis si licet, tibi non licet,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 15, 49:cum licitum est ei,
id. And. 2, 6, 12:nec crederem mihi impunius Licere,
id. Heaut. 3, 2, 50:quod profecto faciam, si mihi per ejusdem amicitiam licebit,
Cic. Fam. 1, 8, 3: Ph. Sed quaeso, hominem ut jubeas arcessi. He. Licet, that may be or may be done, I have no objection, Plaut. Capt. 5, 1, 29:si per vos licet,
id. As. prol. 12:id quod postea, si per vos, judices, licitum erit, aperietur,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 44, 127:dum per aetatem licet,
Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 28:fruare, dum licet,
id. Heaut. 2, 3, 104; cf.:dum licet, loquimini mecum,
id. Phorm. 3, 3, 16:sic ut quimus, aiunt, quando, ut volumus, non licet,
id. And. 4, 5, 10:ut id, quoad posset, quod fas esset, quoad liceret, populi ad partes daret,
Cic. Agr. 2, 7, 19.Transf. When licet introduces a subordinate proposition, which makes a concession, without abandoning the main proposition, it is used as a conjunction corresponding to quamvis, quamquam, etsi. In late Latin it is, like these, connected with the indicative, and in the class. per. it is not unfreq. opposed to tamen and certe in the main proposition; even if, although, notwithstanding.A.With subj. (class.):B.quoniam quidem semel suscepi, licet hercules undique omnes mihi minae et terrores periculaque impendeant omnia, succurram atque subibo,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 11, 31:improbitas, licet adversario molesta sit, judici invisa est,
Quint. 6, 4, 15: in comoedia maxime claudamus: licet Varro Musas Plautino dicat sermone locuturas fuisse, si Latine loqui vellent;licet, etc.,
id. 10, 1, 99:vita brevis est, licet supra mille annos exeat,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 6:licet ingens janitor... exsanguis terreat umbras,
Verg. A. 6, 400. —With part. for subj.:isque, licet caeli regione remotos, mente deos adiit,
Ov. M. 15, 62.—With a corresp. tamen:licet laudem Fortunam, tamen, ut ne Salutem culpem,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 28:licet saepius tibi hujus generis litteras mittam... sed tamen, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 13, 27, 1:licet tibi significarim, ut ad me venires, tamen, etc.,
id. Att. 3, 12, 3; Quint. 2, 2, 8; 8, 3, 69:licet ergo non sint confirmati testamento, a me tamen, ut confirmati, observabuntur,
Plin. Ep. 2, 16, 3; Quint. 7 praef. § 2: constet illi licet fides et benevolentia, tranquillitas tamen, etc., Sen. Tranq. Anim. 7, 6.—With ellips. of subj.:immatura licet, tamen huc non noxia veni (sc. venias),
Prop. 5, 11, 17.—With a corresp. certe:licet enim haec quivis arbitratu suo reprehendat... certe levior reprehensio est,
Cic. Ac. 2, 32, 102.—With indic. (post-class.):C.licet inter gesta et facta videtur quaedam esse subtilis differentia, attamen, etc.,
Dig. 50, 16, 58; 2, 15, 8, § 25:licet directae libertates deficiunt, attamen, etc.,
ib. 29, 7, 2: obduxi licet arma, sum Priapus, Poëta ap. Anth. Lat. 5, 218; Macr. S. 1, 11; App. M. 2, p. 117, 25.—As an adv. with adj. or part., although (post-class.):1.licet contumacissimum, tamen efficacissimum, etc.,
Sen. Cons. ad Marc. 8, 1:miles, licet membris vigentibus firmus, se solum circumspicit,
Amm. 14, 10, 12; 17, 12, 11; Claud. Mam. Paneg. Max. 1.—Hence,lĭcens, entis, P. a., free, unrestrained, uncurbed, bold, forward, presumptuous, licentious.A.Of persons (only poet. and in post-class. prose):B.quam audaces et quam licentes sumus qui, etc.,
Gell. 15, 9, 4:unde licens Fabius sacra Lupercus habet,
Prop. 4, 1, 26:turba licens, Naides improbae,
Sen. Hippol. 777.—Of inanim. and abstr. things (once in Cic.; elsewh. only poet. and in post-Aug. prose):2.licentior dithyrambus,
Cic. de Or. 3, 48, 185:hic tibi multa licet sermone licentia tecto Dicere,
Ov. A. A. 1, 569:joci,
Stat. S. 1, 6, 93:licentior epistula, Plin. N. H. prooem. § 1: imperium,
Val. Max. 6, 4, 2:vita,
id. 9, 1, 3. —Hence, adv.: lĭcenter, freely, according to one's own pleasure or fancy; and, in a bad sense, without restraint, boldly, impudently, licentiously (class.):at quam licenter!
Cic. N. D. 1, 39, 109:ut ingredi libere, non ut licenter videatur errare,
id. Or. 23, 77:Graeci licenter multa,
Quint. 1, 8, 6:aliquid facere,
Liv. 26, 10.— Comp.:(servos) licentius, liberius, familiarius cum domina vivere,
Cic. Cael. 23, 57:Romanos, remoto metu, laxius licentiusque futuros,
more remiss in their discipline, Sall. J. 87 fin.:gerere res communes,
id. ib. 108:ausi aliquid,
Quint. 2, 4, 14:si quid licentius dixerint,
id. 1, 2, 7:translata,
id. 8, 3, 37; 12, 10, 50:Liberum et Cererem pro vino et pane licentius, quam ut fori severitas ferat,
id. 8, 6, 24; Tac. A. 6, 13.—lĭcĭtus, a, um, P. a., permitted, allowed, allowable, lawful ( poet. and post-Aug. for permissus, honestus):sermo,
Verg. A. 8, 468:torus,
Petr. 34, 8:acies,
Stat. Th. 11, 123:negotiatio,
Dig. 37, 14, 2:contractus,
ib. 50, 14, 3.—In plur. as subst.: lĭcĭta, ōrum, n., things that are lawful:ipse per licita atque illicita foedatus,
Tac. A. 15, 37.—Hence, adv., in two forms: lĭcĭtē and lĭcĭtō, rightfully, lawfully (post-class. for juste, honeste, legitime).—Form licite, Dig. 30, 114, § 5.—Form licito,
Sol. 11, 8; Cod. Th. 11, 8, 3. -
19 licito
lĭcet, cŭit and cĭtum est, 2 (old form, licessit for licuerit, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 13; imp. liceto, Lex ap. Inscr. Grut. 202, 508 al.), v. n. and impers. [root lic-; Gr. lip-; v. 1. liceo], it is lawful, it is allowed or permitted; one may or can, one is at liberty to do so and so; constr. with neutr. of the demonstr. or rel. pron., with inf. or a subject-clause, with or without a dat., or dat. and inf., with ut or (more freq.) with the simple subj., or entirely absol.(α).With neutr. of the demonstr. or rel. pron. as a subject, with or without a dat.:(β).licere id dicimus, quod legibus, quod more majorum institutisque conceditur. Neque enim quod quisque potest, id ei licet,
Cic. Phil. 13, 6, 14:cui facile persuasi, mihi id, quod rogaret, ne licere quidem, non modo non lubere,
id. Att. 14, 19, 4:quid deceat vos, non quantum liceat vobis, spectare debetis,
id. Rab. Post. 5, 11; cf.:si hominibus tantum licere judicas, quantum possunt: vide, ne, etc.,
id. Phil. 13, 7, 15:si illud non licet, Saltem hoc licebit,
Ter. Eun. 4, 2, 12: neque idem ubique aut licet aut decorum est, Quint. 5, 10, 40:quod in foro non expedit, illic nec liceat,
id. 9, 2, 67:sin et poterit Naevius id quod lubet et ei lubebit, quod non licet, quid agendum est?
Cic. Quint. 30, 94:nihil, quod per leges liceret,
id. Mil. 16, 43:cui tantum de te licuit?
Verg. A. 6, 502; Anthol. Lat. 1, 172, 150:cui tantum fata licere In generum voluere tuum,
Luc. 9, 1025; cf.:tantumque licere horruit,
Sil. 14, 670.—Rarely in plur.:cum in servum omnia liceant, est, etc.,
Sen. Clem. 1, 18, 2.—With inf. or a subject-clause, with or without a dat.: neque terram inicere, neque cruenta Convestire corpora mihi licuit, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 2 (Trag. v. 168 Vahl.):(γ).licet nemini contra patriam ducere exercitum,
Cic. Phil. 13, 6, 14:ut tibi id facere liceat,
id. Rep. 1, 6, 10:M. Catoni licuit Tusculi se in otio delectare,
id. ib. 1, 1, 1:sceleris crimine liceat Cn. Pompeio mortuo, liceat multis aliis carere,
id. Lig. 6, 18; Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5, 3; Cic. Att. 2, 1, 5:quaerere, qui licuerit aedificare navem senatori,
id. Verr. 2, 5, 18, § 45:meamet facta mihi dicere licet,
Sall. J. 85, 24.—Without a dat.:introire in aedes numquam licitum est,
Plaut. Am. 2, 1, 70:impune optare istuc licet,
Ter. Hec. 3, 5, 14:modo liceat vivere,
id. Heaut. 5, 2, 28:licetne scire ex te?
id. Hec. 5, 4, 33:hic subitam rerum commutationem videre licuit,
Caes. B. C. 3, 27, 1; 3, 96, 4:si facere omnino non licebit,
Cic. Phil. 13, 6, 14:licet ora ipsa cernere iratorum,
id. Off. 1, 29, 102; cf. id. Div. 1, 41, 91:licet hoc videre,
id. de Or. 3, 25, 99; id. Div. 1, 7, 13; id. Inv. 1, 15, 21; 2, 23, 71; 2, 9, 29:veretur ne non liceat tenere hereditatem,
id. Att. 13, 48, 1:licetne extra ordinem in provocantem hostem pugnare?
Liv. 23, 47, 1:poscere ut perculsis instare liceat,
id. 2, 65, 2. —With inf. pass. (cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 660 sq.):intellegi jam licet, nullum fore imperium,
Cic. Rep. 1, 38, 60:idque e pontificio jure intellegi licet,
id. Tusc. 1, 12, 27; cf.:his cognosci licuit, quantum, etc.,
Caes. B. C. 3, 28; Cic. Off. 1, 7, 20:evocari ex insula Cyprios non licet,
id. Att. 5, 21, 6:in senatu dici nihil liceat,
id. ib. 3, 12, 1:coöptari sacerdotem licebat,
id. Fam. 3, 10, 9:in eum ordinem coöptari licet,
id. Verr. 2, 2, 49, § 120:id primum in poëtis cerni licet,
id. de Or. 3, 7, 27; id. Ac. 1, 4, 17.—The noun of the subject-clause is regularly in the acc.:licet me id scire quid sit?
Plaut. Ps. 1, 1, 14:non licet hominem esse, etc.,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 1, 53:si licet me latere,
id. ib. 4, 2, 5:hocine me miserum non licere meo modo ingenium frui!
id. ib. 2, 4, 21; cf.:eodem ut jure uti senem Liceat, id. Hec. prol. alt. 3: non licet me isto tanto bono uti,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 59, § 154:cum non liceret Romae quemquam esse, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 2, 41, §100: ex eis locis, in quibus te habere nihil licet,
id. ib. 2, 5, 18, §45: quare licet etiam mortalem esse animum judicantem aeterna moliri,
id. Tusc. 1, 38, 91:cur his per te frui libertate sua, cur denique esse liberos non licet?
id. Fl. 29, 71 B. and K. (al. liberis; v. infra).—So with esse:liceat esse miseros,
Cic. Lig. 6, 18; cf.:medios esse jam non licebit,
id. Att. 10, 8, 4; id. Tusc. 5, 15, 44; 1, 38, 91 Klotz N. cr.; also with fieri:ut eum liceat ante tempus consulem fieri,
Auct. Her. 3, 2, 2:ut jam liceat una comprehensione omnia complecti non dubitantemque dicere, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 5, 9, 26:haec praescripta servantem licet magnifice vivere,
id. Off. 1, 26, 92:licet tamen opera prodesse multis, beneficia petentem, etc.,
id. ib. 2, 19, 67.—So with acc. with a subject-inf., esse or fieri, even when licet is accompanied by the dat.:si civi Romano licet esse Gaditanum,
Cic. Balb. 12, 29:potest incidere quaestio, An huic esse procuratorem liceat?
Quint. 7, 1, 19:procuratorem tibi esse non licuit,
id. 4, 4, 6 Zumpt N. cr.:mihi non licet esse piam,
Ov. H. 14, 64: is erat annus, quo per leges ei consulem fieri liceret Caes. B. C. 3, 1 Oud. N. cr. —But more freq., in this case, there is an attraction of the predicate-noun to the dative dependent on licet.—Hence,Licet alicui with inf., esp. with esse:(δ).per hanc tibi cenam incenato esse hodie licet,
Plaut. Stich. 4, 2, 31:per hanc curam quieto tibi licet esse,
id. Ep. 3, 2, 2:licuit esse otioso Themistocli,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 15, 33; cf.:ut tibi abesse liceat, et esse otioso,
id. Att. 9, 2, A, 1: quare [p. 1063] judici mihi non esse liceat, id. Rab. Post. 7, 17:ut iis ingratis esse non liceat,
id. Off. 2, 18, 63:quo in genere mihi neglegenti esse non licet,
id. Att. 1, 17, 6:cur iis per te frui libertate sua, cur denique esse liberis non licet?
id. Fl. 29, 71 (B. and K. liberos; v. supra):quibus otiosis ne in communi quidem otio liceat esse,
id. Cael. 1, 1:quibus licet jam esse fortunatissimis,
Caes. B. G. 6, 35, 8:illis timidis et ignavis licet esse,
Liv. 21, 44, 3.—With other verbs than esse:ut sibi per te liceat innocenti vitam in egestate degere,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 49, 144:cum postulasset... ut sibi triumphanti urbem invehi liceret,
Liv. 38, 44 fin. —Very rarely, in this construction, the dative with licet is wanting, and is to be supplied from the connection: atqui licet esse beatis (sc. iis),
Hor. S. 1, 1, 19:licet eminus esse Fortibus,
Ov. M. 8, 405:Hannibal precatur deos ut incolumi cedere atque abire liceat,
Liv. 26, 41, 16:sibi vitam filiae suā cariorem fuisse, si liberae ac pudicae vivere licitum fuisset,
id. 3, 50, 6. Cf. on this and the preced. construction, Krüger, Untersuchungen, vol. iii. p. 359 sq.; Ruddim. 2, p. 15; Zumpt, Gram. § 601; Madv. Gram. § 393, c. and obs. 1.—With ut, and more freq. with the simple subj.:(ε).neque jam mihi licet neque est integrum, ut, etc.,
Cic. Mur. 4, 8:facto nunc laedat licet,
Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 53:mea quidem causa salvos sis licet,
id. Rud. 1, 2, 51:ludas licet,
Ter. Phorm. 2, 2, 33:fremant omnes licet,
Cic. de Or. 1, 44, 195:sed omnia licet concurrant,
id. Att. 14, 4, 2:ex qua licet pauca degustes,
id. ib. 1, 16, 8:vel ipsi hoc dicas licet,
id. ib. 5, 1, 4:quamvis licet insectemur istos, metuo ne soli philosophi sint,
id. Tusc. 4, 24, 53; cf. id. Leg. 3, 10, 24; id. N. D. 3, 36, 88:sequatur Hermagoram licebit,
id. Inv. 1, 51, 97; id. Rosc. Am. 17, 49:sis pecore et multa dives tellure licebit,
Hor. Epod. 15, 19:detrahat auctori multum fortuna licebit,
Ov. Tr. 5, 14, 3; Verg. A. 6, 400. Cf. also under II. a.—As a v. impers. absol., with or without dat.:II.immo, aliis si licet, tibi non licet,
Ter. Heaut. 4, 15, 49:cum licitum est ei,
id. And. 2, 6, 12:nec crederem mihi impunius Licere,
id. Heaut. 3, 2, 50:quod profecto faciam, si mihi per ejusdem amicitiam licebit,
Cic. Fam. 1, 8, 3: Ph. Sed quaeso, hominem ut jubeas arcessi. He. Licet, that may be or may be done, I have no objection, Plaut. Capt. 5, 1, 29:si per vos licet,
id. As. prol. 12:id quod postea, si per vos, judices, licitum erit, aperietur,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 44, 127:dum per aetatem licet,
Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 28:fruare, dum licet,
id. Heaut. 2, 3, 104; cf.:dum licet, loquimini mecum,
id. Phorm. 3, 3, 16:sic ut quimus, aiunt, quando, ut volumus, non licet,
id. And. 4, 5, 10:ut id, quoad posset, quod fas esset, quoad liceret, populi ad partes daret,
Cic. Agr. 2, 7, 19.Transf. When licet introduces a subordinate proposition, which makes a concession, without abandoning the main proposition, it is used as a conjunction corresponding to quamvis, quamquam, etsi. In late Latin it is, like these, connected with the indicative, and in the class. per. it is not unfreq. opposed to tamen and certe in the main proposition; even if, although, notwithstanding.A.With subj. (class.):B.quoniam quidem semel suscepi, licet hercules undique omnes mihi minae et terrores periculaque impendeant omnia, succurram atque subibo,
Cic. Rosc. Am. 11, 31:improbitas, licet adversario molesta sit, judici invisa est,
Quint. 6, 4, 15: in comoedia maxime claudamus: licet Varro Musas Plautino dicat sermone locuturas fuisse, si Latine loqui vellent;licet, etc.,
id. 10, 1, 99:vita brevis est, licet supra mille annos exeat,
Sen. Brev. Vit. 6:licet ingens janitor... exsanguis terreat umbras,
Verg. A. 6, 400. —With part. for subj.:isque, licet caeli regione remotos, mente deos adiit,
Ov. M. 15, 62.—With a corresp. tamen:licet laudem Fortunam, tamen, ut ne Salutem culpem,
Plaut. As. 3, 3, 28:licet saepius tibi hujus generis litteras mittam... sed tamen, etc.,
Cic. Fam. 13, 27, 1:licet tibi significarim, ut ad me venires, tamen, etc.,
id. Att. 3, 12, 3; Quint. 2, 2, 8; 8, 3, 69:licet ergo non sint confirmati testamento, a me tamen, ut confirmati, observabuntur,
Plin. Ep. 2, 16, 3; Quint. 7 praef. § 2: constet illi licet fides et benevolentia, tranquillitas tamen, etc., Sen. Tranq. Anim. 7, 6.—With ellips. of subj.:immatura licet, tamen huc non noxia veni (sc. venias),
Prop. 5, 11, 17.—With a corresp. certe:licet enim haec quivis arbitratu suo reprehendat... certe levior reprehensio est,
Cic. Ac. 2, 32, 102.—With indic. (post-class.):C.licet inter gesta et facta videtur quaedam esse subtilis differentia, attamen, etc.,
Dig. 50, 16, 58; 2, 15, 8, § 25:licet directae libertates deficiunt, attamen, etc.,
ib. 29, 7, 2: obduxi licet arma, sum Priapus, Poëta ap. Anth. Lat. 5, 218; Macr. S. 1, 11; App. M. 2, p. 117, 25.—As an adv. with adj. or part., although (post-class.):1.licet contumacissimum, tamen efficacissimum, etc.,
Sen. Cons. ad Marc. 8, 1:miles, licet membris vigentibus firmus, se solum circumspicit,
Amm. 14, 10, 12; 17, 12, 11; Claud. Mam. Paneg. Max. 1.—Hence,lĭcens, entis, P. a., free, unrestrained, uncurbed, bold, forward, presumptuous, licentious.A.Of persons (only poet. and in post-class. prose):B.quam audaces et quam licentes sumus qui, etc.,
Gell. 15, 9, 4:unde licens Fabius sacra Lupercus habet,
Prop. 4, 1, 26:turba licens, Naides improbae,
Sen. Hippol. 777.—Of inanim. and abstr. things (once in Cic.; elsewh. only poet. and in post-Aug. prose):2.licentior dithyrambus,
Cic. de Or. 3, 48, 185:hic tibi multa licet sermone licentia tecto Dicere,
Ov. A. A. 1, 569:joci,
Stat. S. 1, 6, 93:licentior epistula, Plin. N. H. prooem. § 1: imperium,
Val. Max. 6, 4, 2:vita,
id. 9, 1, 3. —Hence, adv.: lĭcenter, freely, according to one's own pleasure or fancy; and, in a bad sense, without restraint, boldly, impudently, licentiously (class.):at quam licenter!
Cic. N. D. 1, 39, 109:ut ingredi libere, non ut licenter videatur errare,
id. Or. 23, 77:Graeci licenter multa,
Quint. 1, 8, 6:aliquid facere,
Liv. 26, 10.— Comp.:(servos) licentius, liberius, familiarius cum domina vivere,
Cic. Cael. 23, 57:Romanos, remoto metu, laxius licentiusque futuros,
more remiss in their discipline, Sall. J. 87 fin.:gerere res communes,
id. ib. 108:ausi aliquid,
Quint. 2, 4, 14:si quid licentius dixerint,
id. 1, 2, 7:translata,
id. 8, 3, 37; 12, 10, 50:Liberum et Cererem pro vino et pane licentius, quam ut fori severitas ferat,
id. 8, 6, 24; Tac. A. 6, 13.—lĭcĭtus, a, um, P. a., permitted, allowed, allowable, lawful ( poet. and post-Aug. for permissus, honestus):sermo,
Verg. A. 8, 468:torus,
Petr. 34, 8:acies,
Stat. Th. 11, 123:negotiatio,
Dig. 37, 14, 2:contractus,
ib. 50, 14, 3.—In plur. as subst.: lĭcĭta, ōrum, n., things that are lawful:ipse per licita atque illicita foedatus,
Tac. A. 15, 37.—Hence, adv., in two forms: lĭcĭtē and lĭcĭtō, rightfully, lawfully (post-class. for juste, honeste, legitime).—Form licite, Dig. 30, 114, § 5.—Form licito,
Sol. 11, 8; Cod. Th. 11, 8, 3. -
20 timeo
tĭmĕo, ŭi, 2, v. a. and n. [root tam-; Sanscr. tam-yati, to be stupefied; tamas, darkness; cf. temulentus], to fear, be afraid of, to dread, apprehend; to be afraid or in fear, to be fearful, apprehensive, or anxious; constr. with acc., rel.-clause, inf., ne or ut, and absol.1.With acc. (class.;2.syn.: vereor, metuo, paveo): quamquam omnia sunt metuenda, nihil magis quam perfidiam timemus,
Cic. Fam. 1, 5, a, 2:timeo meos,
Plaut. Truc. 5, 63; cf.:quos aliquamdiu inermes timuissent,
Caes. B. G. 1, 40:oppidanos,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 27:saxum Tantalus,
Lucr. 3, 981 sq.:portus omnes,
Caes. B. C. 3, 6:reliquos casus,
id. ib. 3, 10:nomen atque imperium absentis,
id. ib. 1, 61:numinis iram,
Ov. M. 6, 314:flagitium pejus leto,
Hor. C. 4, 9, 50:cuncta (amantes),
Ov. M. 7, 719:aeternas poenas timendum'st,
Lucr. 1, 111.—In pass.:morbos esse timendos,
Lucr. 3, 41; so, si ipse fulgor timeretur, Quint. 8, 3, 5:si Cn. Pompeius timeretur,
id. 4, 2, 25. — Pregn., to have to fear, i. e. to be exposed to, contend against:pro telis gerit quae timuit et quae fudit,
Sen. Herc. Fur. 40 sq.; 793:feras,
id. Herc. Oet. 270. — With dat. of the object for which one fears something:nostrae causae nihil nos timere,
Quint. 11, 1, 75:patronum justitiae suae,
id. 4, 1, 9:furem caulibus aut pomis,
Juv. 6, 17:noxiam vini aegris,
Plin. 14, 16, 19, § 101. — With de:de suo ac legionis periculo nihil timebat,
Caes. B. G. 5, 57:nihil de bello,
id. ib. 3, 3:de se nihil timere,
Cic. Sest. 1, 1. — With pro and abl.:quid pro quoque timendum, aut a quoque timendum sit,
Cic. Ep. ad Brut. 1, 16, 2: pro amicis omnia timui, pro me nihil. Sen. Q. N. 4, praef. § 15. —With rel.-clause (class.):3.misera timeo, quid hoc sit negotii,
Plaut. Poen. 5, 4, 79:timeo, quid rerum gesserim,
id. Mil. 2, 4, 44:quid possem, timebam,
Cic. Att. 12, 24, 1:nunc istic quid agatur, magnopere timeo,
id. ib. 3, 8, 2;jam nunc timeo, quidnam... pro exspectatione omnium eloqui possim,
id. Div. in Caecil. 13, 42:misera timeo, incertum hoc quorsum accidat,
Ter. And. 1, 5, 29; cf.:haec quo sint eruptura timeo,
Cic. Att. 2, 20, 5. — With dat.:nunc nostrae timeo parti, quid hic respondeat,
Ter. And. 2, 5, 8. —With inf. (freq. since the Aug. per.;4.not in Cic.): Caesar etsi timebat tantae magnitudinis flumini exercitum obicere, etc.,
Caes. B. C. 1, 64:equites cum intrare fumum et flammam densissimam timerent,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 16:timebant prisci truncum findere,
Plin. 17, 14, 24, § 102:nec jurare time,
Tib. 1, 4, 21; Hor. C. 1, 8, 8; 3, 24, 56; id. S. 1, 4, 23; id. Ep. 1, 5, 2; 1, 7, 4; 1, 19, 27; 2, 1, 114; id. A. P. 170; 197; Ov. M. 1, 593; 12, 246.— Rarely with acc. and inf.:ni cedenti instaturum alterum timuissent,
Liv. 10, 36, 3.—With ne or ut (class.):5.metuo et timeo, ne hoc tandem propalam fiat,
Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 38:timeo, ne malefacta mea sint inventa omnia,
id. Truc. 4, 2, 61: haec timeo ne impediantur, D. Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 10, 4:neque timerent, ne circumvenirentur,
Caes. B. G. 2, 26:non times, ne locum perdas,
Quint. 6, 3, 63:timuit, ne non succederet,
Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 37:timere, ne non virtute hostium, sed lassitudine suā vincerentur,
Curt. 3, 17, 9:timeo, ut sustineas,
Cic. Fam. 14, 2, 3:ut satis commode supportari posset (res frumentaria), timere dicebant,
Caes. B. G. 1, 39. —Absol. (freq. in prose and poetry):* 6.fac, ego ne metuam igitur et ut tu meam timeas vicem,
Plaut. Most. 5, 2, 24:salva est navis, ne time,
id. Merc. 1, 2, 64; so,ne time,
id. Am. 2, 2, 42; 5, 1, 12; id. Cas. 4, 4, 13; id. Curc. 4, 2, 34:timentibus ceteris propter ignorationem locorum,
Cic. Rep. 1, 17, 29; cf.:timentes confirmat,
Caes. B. G. 7, 7:cottidie aliquid fit lenius quam timebamus,
Cic. Fam. 6, 10, 5:timere et admirari,
Quint. 9, 2, 26; 9, 2, 86.—With de:de re publicā valde timeo,
Cic. Att. 7, 6, 2.—With ab:a quo quidem genere ego numquam timui,
Cic. Sull. 20, 59. — With pro ( poet. and post-Aug.):pro eo timebam,
Curt. 6, 10, 27:timentem pro capite amicissimo,
Plin. Ep. 3, 17, 3:quamvis pericliter, plus tamen pro te timeo,
Sen. Contr. 7, 20, 1:indulgentia pro suis timentium,
id. ib. 9, 26, 2, B:qui pro illo nimium timet,
id. Ep. 14, 1:qui eget divitiis timet pro illis,
id. ib. 14, 18;90, 43: pro Aristippi animā,
Gell. 19, 1, 10:timuere dei pro vindice terrae,
Ov. M. 9, 241.—Pregn., with abl. ( poet.):timuit exterrita pennis Ales,
expressed its fear, Verg. A. 5, 505. — Freq. with dat. of the object for which one fears:tibi timui,
Ter. Heaut. 3, 2, 20; cf.:qui sibi timuerant,
Caes. B. C. 3, 27:alicui,
Quint. 8, 5, 15; Verg. A. 2, 729; Hor. C. 3, 27, 7; id. S. 2, 1, 23:suis rebus,
Caes. B. G. 4, 16:huic loco,
id. ib. 7, 44:receptui suo,
id. B. C. 3, 69:urbi,
Hor. C. 3, 29, 26.— Impers. pass.:urbi timetur,
Luc. 7, 138: Sen. Med. 885.—Timens like timidus, with gen.:mortis timentes,
Lucr. 6, 1239.
См. также в других словарях:
nihil tarn naturale est, quam eo genere quidque dissolvere, quo colligatum est; ideo verborum obligatio verbis tollitur; nudi consensus obligatio contrario consensu dissolvitur — /nay(h)al tasm naetyureyliy est, kwasm iyow jenariy kwidkwiy dazolvariy, kwow kolageytam est; idiyow varboram 6blageysh(iy)ow varbas tolatar; n(y)iiwday kansensas 6blageysh(iy)ow kantreriyow kansens(y)uw dazolvatar/ Nothing is so natural as to… … Black's law dictionary
nihil tarn naturale est, quam eo genere quidque dissolvere, quo colligatum est; ideo verborum obligatio verbis tollitur; nudi consensus obligatio contrario consensu dissolvitur — /nay(h)al tasm naetyureyliy est, kwasm iyow jenariy kwidkwiy dazolvariy, kwow kolageytam est; idiyow varboram 6blageysh(iy)ow varbas tolatar; n(y)iiwday kansensas 6blageysh(iy)ow kantreriyow kansens(y)uw dazolvatar/ Nothing is so natural as to… … Black's law dictionary
Nihil tam naturale est, quam eo genere quidque dissolvere, quo colligatum est — Nothing is so natural as that anything should be released or discharged in the same manner in which it was made binding … Ballentine's law dictionary
SERPENS — callidissimum animal, inter bestias agri, Gen. c. 3. v. 1. hominique ante lapsum gratissimum, ob peculiarem hunc prudentiae characterem, quae non ratione, sed celerrimo spirituum ac membrorum, ad haec illaque obiecta, motu constabat; mox Satanae… … Hofmann J. Lexicon universale
PILA — I. PILA apici obelisci, in Campo Martio, addita a Manilio Mathematico, cuius vertice umbra colligeretur in ipsa pila, occurrit apud Plin. l. 36. c. 10. Ei (obelisco) qui est in Campo Divus Augustus addidit mirabilem usum, ad deprehendendas Solis… … Hofmann J. Lexicon universale
DIVINATIO — Graecis Μαντεία vel Μαντικὴ, (nempe ut volunt a μανία, quia causa sit externa incorporeaque ac ut Gentes putarunt divina; quo nomine etiam Daemones complectebantur) Platoni definitiur ἐπιςτήμη προδηλωτικὴ, πράξεως ἄνευ ἀποδείξεως, Scientia… … Hofmann J. Lexicon universale
LUDUS, a LYDIS — qui ex Asia transvenae, Duce Tyrrheno, cum fratri suo regni contentione cederet, in Hetruria consederint, ibique inter ceteros ritus superstitionum suarum spectacula quoque religionis nomine instituerint, quibusdam dictus videtur. Varro Ludos a… … Hofmann J. Lexicon universale
TESTAMENTUM — I. TESTAMENTUM alienationis species est, et iuris naturalis. Quamvis enim id, ut actus alii, formam certam accipere possit a iure civili, ipsa tamen eius substantia cognata est dominio, et eô datô iuris naturalis. Possum enim rem meam alienare,… … Hofmann J. Lexicon universale
VITULUS — I. VITULUS Graece antiquitus Ι᾿τοῦλος, aut ab Ι᾿ταλὸς, quod taurum notat, A. Gell. l. 11. c. 1. aut quod plerique, quasi vegetus, vegitulus, Varr. a viridi atate, Isidor. Aegypti fuit symbolum, inprimis Sacerdotum, Fortun. Licetus, de Gemmis… … Hofmann J. Lexicon universale
Liste de locutions latines — Cet article contient une liste de locutions latines présentée par ordre alphabétique. Pour des explications morphologiques et linguistiques générales, consulter l article : Expression latine. Sommaire A B … … Wikipédia en Français
ORGANICA — Musices illa pars est, quae Instrumentis peragitur, quô Musices genere qui defungirur, psallere dicitur. Nempe ore quidem canimus, fidibus vel alio Organo psallimus. Cicero Invectivâ in Catilin. 2. Pueri tam delicati non solum amare et amari,… … Hofmann J. Lexicon universale
